1. Motivation
1. As a desire or need which directs and energizes behavior that is oriented towards a goal.
2. It is the influence of the needs and desires on the intensity of behavior and direction it will follow.
3. Motivation as the arousal, direction, as well as persistence of one’s behavior.

2. 1) Behavioral : This is either to obtain desirable and pleasant consequences or to avoid undesirable and unpleasant consequences
2) Social : This is related to the need to be a part of a group
3) Biological : This is related to the need to fulfill all biological needs such as
hunger, thirst; satisfy the senses, etc.
4) Cognitive : This is satisfy the various intellectual needs
5) Affective : This relates to the emotional needs
6) Conative : This pertains to achieving personal goals and do away with any threats that come in the way of achieving goals
7) Spiritual : This relates to the goal of self-realization

3. Motivation concepts
Intrinsic motivation Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external pressure. Extrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation comes from outside of the individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards like money and grades, coercion and threat of punishment.

4. Categories of Motivation
1. Security.
2. Achievement
3. Social Recognition.

5. TYPES OF MOTIVATION Achievement Motivation Affiliation Motivation
Competence Motivation
Power Motivation
Attitude Motivation
Incentive Motivation
Fear Motivation
Puts human resources into action
Improves level of efficiency of employees
Increase in productivity,
Reducing cost of operations, and
Improving overall efficiency.

6. Leads to achievement of organizational goals
a. There is best possible utilization of resources,
b. There is a co-operative work environment,
c. The employees are goal-directed and they act in a purposive manner,
d. Goals can be achieved if co-ordination and co-operation takes place simultaneously which can be effectively done through motivation.

7. Builds friendly relationship
a. Monetary and non-monetary incentives,
b. Promotion opportunities for employees,
c. Disincentives for inefficient employees.
(i) Effective co-operation which brings stability,
(ii) Industrial dispute and unrest in employees will reduce,
(iii) The employees will be adaptable to the changes and there
will be no resistance to the change,
(iv) This will help in providing a smooth and sound concern in
which individual interests will coincide with the organizational
interests,
(v) This will result in profit maximization through increased
productivity.

8. Leads to stability of work force
Motivation is important to an individual as Motivation will help him achieve his personal goals. If an individual is motivated, he will have job satisfaction. Motivation will help in self-development of individual. An individual would always gain by working with a dynamic team

9. motivation is important to a business as
The more motivated the employees are, the more empowered the team is.
The more is the team work and individual employee contribution, more profitable and successful is the business.
During period of amendments, there will be more adaptability and creativity.
Motivation will lead to an optimistic and challenging attitude at work place.
Introduction
Entrepreneurship is a process undertaken by an entrepreneur to augment his business interests. It is an exercise involving innovation and creativity that will go towards establishing his/her enterprise.
One of the qualities of entrepreneurship is the ability to discover an investment opportunity and to organize an enterprise, thereby contributing to real economic growth. It involves taking of risks and making the necessary investments under conditions of uncertainty and innovating, planning, and taking decisions so as to increase production in agriculture, business, industry etc.
Entrepreneurship is a composite skill, the resultant of a mix of many qualities and traits – these include tangible factors as imagination, readiness to take risks, ability to bring together and put to use other factors of production, capital, labour, land, as also intangible factors such as the ability to mobilize scientific and technological advances.