1. 9.3 Fermentation
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2. Q: How do organisms generate energy when oxygen is not available?
A: In the absence of oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP. Fermentation: process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen.

3. 2 Types of Fermentation
Alcoholic Pyruvic acid + NADH → Alcohol + CO 2 + NAD+
Lactic Acid Pyruvic acid + NADH → Lactic acid + NAD+

4. Q: How does the body produce ATP during different stages of exercise?
A: For short, quick bursts of energy, the body uses ATP already in muscles as well as ATP made by lactic acid fermentation. A: For exercise longer than about 90 seconds, cellular respiration is the only way to continue generating a supply of ATP.