1. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Source: National Geographic: Available Online. Retrieved at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

2. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
MIGRATION
Migration: The act of moving from one place to another with the intent to live in another place permanently or for a longer period of time.
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

3. Forced vs. Voluntary Migration
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Forced vs. Voluntary Migration
Forced migration: When people have no choice and are forced to move. Forced migration is also called “involuntary migration.”
Voluntary migration: When people choose to move. People choose to migrate if they think the benefits (advantages) of moving will be greater than the costs (disadvantages).
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

4. Immigration vs. Emigration
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Immigration vs. Emigration
Immigration: Migration to a place in order to settle there
Emigration: Migration from a place to settle in another place
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

5. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Push vs. Pull Factors
Push factors: Negative reasons for wanting to leave a place (emigrate). Examples of push factors are a lack of food or water, natural disasters, a lack of jobs, and wars.
Pull factors: Positive reasons for wanting to move to a place (immigrate). Examples of pull factors are more food and water, a better climate, higher wages, and freedom.
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

6. Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political
Environmental
Examples: Floods, water supply, climate,
food supply for animals
Political
Examples: Political freedom, laws, wars
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

7. Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic
Cultural
Examples: Desire for religious freedom or chance for a better education
Economic
Examples: To overcome shortages of
food, housing, or space; to find better employment or higher wages
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

8. Short answer Questions
Have you ever moved to a new house? Was it a push or pull decision? Explain with several complete sentences.
Which is more important, push factors or pull factors? Why? Explain with several complete sentences
How can geography affect push and pull factors (such as mountains, oceans, rivers, etc.)? Explain with several complete sentences