1. Module 3 Day 5
Vehicle Movements

2. Pre Drive Tasks
Basic Vehicle Operation (Chapter 3)
Before you take your place behind the wheel to drive, you should follow certain checks and procedures .

3. SPIRAL NOTES
Write “Steps before entering the vehicle” in your spiral and number from 1 to 6

4. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive
Before opening the door, follow these 6 steps:
Have your keys in your hand
Look under your vehicle (you can do this from a distance) because you may be able to detect a problem by looking for water or oil marks under the vehicle.
Look at and around the vehicle. Be alert for small children playing near your vehicle.

5. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive
4. Glance at your tires for cuts, tread wear and sidewall bulges. 5. Check the windshield, windows, headlights, and taillights to make sure they are clear. 6. Look inside the vehicle before opening the door to detect any problems

6. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive Assessment
The following sentences are procedures to follow before opening the door. In your spiral, write the number that identifies the correct order of each step in the space to the left.
__ a. Look at and around the vehicle.
__ b. Look inside the vehicle before opening the door to detect any problems
__ c. Check the windshield, windows, headlights, and taillights to make sure they are clear.
__ d. Have your keys in your hand
__ e. Glance at your tires for cuts, tread wear and sidewall bulges.
__ f. Look under your vehicle

7. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive Assessment
The following sentences are procedures to follow before opening the door. Write the number that identifies the correct order of each step in the space to the left.
3_ a. Look at and around the vehicle.
6_ b. Look inside the vehicle before opening the door to detect any problems
5_ c. Check the windshield, windows, headlights, and taillights to make sure they are clear.
1_ d. Have your keys in your hand
4_ e. Glance at your tires for cuts, tread wear and sidewall bulges.
2_ f. Look under your vehicle

8. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive
Write the “The 5 Steps before Starting the Vehicle” in your spiral and number from 1 to 5.

9. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive
Before starting the vehicle, you should do the following:
Lock all doors.
Put the key into the ignition so you have two hands free to make proper adjustments.
Lock the doors to be secure from carjackers and the have better protection during a crash.
Adjust your head restraint
Adjust the middle of the head restraint to ear level.

10. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive 3. Adjust your seat.
Adjust your seat for comfort and best control of foot pedals and steering wheel.
Sit with your back firmly against the seat.
The seat should be high enough so that your chin is no lower than the top of the steering wheel.
Your body should be at least 10 inches away from the center of the wheel to avoid injury from the airbag during a crash.

11. 3.2 Getting Ready to Drive 4. Check and adjust all mirrors.
The inside mirror should be adjusted to a level position to show the maximum outside view through the rear window.
Adjust the left and right outside rear view mirrors show they show the slightest amount of the side of the vehicle
5. Make sure all passengers buckle up.

12. Starting Tasks
Basic Vehicle Operation (Chapter 3)
In your spiral, write “Procedures for Starting the Engine” and number from 1 to 5.

13. 3.3 Starting the Engine Release the parking brake.
Use this procedure to start the engine of a vehicle with an automatic transmission.
Release the parking brake.
The shift lever should be in PARK.
2. Place your right foot on the brake pedal.
This will keep your foot off the accelerator pedal and in position when the parking brake is released.

14. 3.3 Starting the Engine
3. Insert the key and turn the ignition switch ON. Release the key as soon as the engine starts to avoid damage to the starter. 4. Check the gauges, warning lights, and fuel supply. 5. Turn on the headlights if they don’t come on automatically after starting the car.

15. Use of Targets & the Steering Wheel
Using targets helps you steer the vehicle with pinpoint accuracy.
A TARGET is a fixed object far out in the distance that appears to be in the center of the path you intend to drive.
A target serves as an aiming point for where you want your vehicle to go.
To steer the vehicle, turn the steering wheel so that the center of it is aligned with the target.

16. Hand Positions for Controlled Steering
Steering is not just a matter of pointing the vehicle in the direction you want it to go.
Controlled steering involves effective use of vision and a comfortable and balanced position on the steering wheel.
Always keep your knuckles and your thumbs on the outside of the rim of the steering wheel to reduce injury in a collision.

17. Hand-over-Hand Steering
This method is best to use when you need to make tight right turns, or to make quick steering actions to correct a skid.
This will give you the maximum movement of the steering wheel in a short period of time.
In your spiral, “Procedure for ‘Hand-over-Hand Steering’” and number from 1 to 6.

18. Hand-over-Hand Steering
Begin with the hands in a balanced 9-3 position.
To make a right turn, begin with the right hand at the 3 position, and pull down to the 5 position.
Move the left hand up to the 12 position, grip the wheel, and pull down to the 5 position.

19. Hand-over-Hand Steering
4. Cross the right hand over the left hand to the 12 position and continue turning to the 5 position. 5. To straighten the steering wheel, turn the steering wheel back using the left side of the steering wheel 6. To make a left turn, use the left side of the steering wheel starting at the 9 position.

20. Hand-to-Hand Steering
This method is best when there is a need for small steering adjustments, such as making a left turn or going into a slight curve.
This method will keep your body balanced behind the steering wheel and prevent your hands from crossing the area of the steering wheel in which the air bag is stored.
In your spiral, “Procedure for ‘Hand-to-Hand Steering’” and number from 1 to 6.

21. Hand-to-Hand Steering
Begin with your hands in the 8-4 position.
To make a left turn, grip the wheel with your right hand at the 4 position.
Slide your left hand to the 10 position. Grip the wheel and pull down to the 7 position.
Push the right hand up to the 2 position. Slide the left hand up to the 4 position.
With your left hand, pull the steering wheel down to the 7 position while sliding the right hand down to the 4 position.
Continue to pull and push as more steering is needed.

22. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Acceleration Control
The rate of acceleration is the time it takes to accelerate from one speed to another.
When you are ready to move, take your foot off the brake and allow the vehicle’s idling engine to begin moving the vehicle before pressing the accelerator pedal.

23. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Acceleration Control
Gradual acceleration is recommended in most cases. Accelerating too quickly wastes fuel.
Press the accelerator smoothly, and then work to maintain a steady speed. For best control while accelerating, press gently on the accelerator with your toes.
Decelerate gradually. Practice releasing partial pressure from the accelerator.

24. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Number 1 to 6 in your spiral, and fill in the blank for the following statements about acceleration control.
The rate of acceleration is the _______ it takes to accelerate from one speed to another.
When you are ready to move, take your foot off the brake and allow the vehicle’s idling engine to begin moving the vehicle before pressing the ____________________.
Gradual acceleration is recommended in most cases. Accelerating too quickly ___________ fuel.
Press the accelerator smoothly, and then work to maintain a steady speed. For best control while accelerating, press ________ on the accelerator with your toes.
Decelerate ____________. Practice releasing partial pressure from the accelerator.

25. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Fill in the blank for the following statements about acceleration control.
The rate of acceleration is the time it takes to accelerate from one speed to another.
When you are ready to move, take your foot off the brake and allow the vehicle’s idling engine to begin moving the vehicle before pressing the accelerator pedal.
Gradual acceleration is recommended in most cases. Accelerating too quickly wastes fuel.
Press the accelerator smoothly, and then work to maintain a steady speed. For best control while accelerating, press gently on the accelerator with your toes.
Decelerate gradually. Practice releasing partial pressure from the accelerator.

26. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Braking Control-There are several techniques you can practice to acquire the best braking control.
In your spiral, write the following words and copy their definitions from the following slides:
Braking Point
Constant Braking Pressure
Normal Smooth Stop
Hard, Smooth Stop
ABS Braking

27. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
1. Braking Point- As you practice using the brakes, try to feel the vehicle’s braking point which is the point at which the brakes begin to work and slow the vehicle.
2.Constant Braking Pressure- Apply constant pressure to the pedal when braking. A constant “squeezing” pressure on the brake pedal will activate the brakes without causing your vehicle to lock-up.

28. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
3. Normal, Smooth Stop- To make a smooth stop, release some braking pressure one or two seconds before the vehicle comes to a complete rest. For a smooth stop, keep the ball of your foot on the pedal while lifting your toes. 4. Hard, Smooth Stop- For hard stops, apply maximum pressure at the start of braking without locking the wheels, and hold that position. 5. ABS Braking- When the ABS system activates, your brake pedal may begin pulsating; don’t release your foot pressure.

29. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
Answer the following questions about braking.
What is the braking point? The point at which the brakes begin to work and slow the vehicle
Why should you apply constant brake pressure? A constant “squeezing” pressure on the brake pedal will activate the brakes without causing your vehicles to lock-up

30. 3.3 Putting the Vehicle in Motion
3. How do you make a normal, smooth stop? Release some braking pressure one or two seconds before the vehicle comes to a complete rest.
How do you make a hard, smooth stop? Apply maximum pressure at the start of braking without locking the wheels, and hold that position.
What might your brakes do when the ABS system activates? When the ABS system activates, your brake pedal may begin pulsating; don’t release your foot pressure.

31. Post-Drive Tasks Exiting the Vehicle
Check the location. Make sure your vehicle is parked in the best possible location. Is it legally parked? (Write the bold steps)
Keep your foot on the brake until the shift selector is in PARK and the parking brake is set.
Set the parking brake to secure the vehicle.
Shift to PARK.
Take your foot off the brake.
Turn off the headlights and accessories to prevent unnecessary drain on the battery.

32. Post-Drive Tasks
6. Take off your safety belt. 7. Close the windows before turning off the ignition. 8. Turn the ignition off and remove the key. Keep the key in your hand. 9. Check for traffic to be sure that it is safe for you to open the door. 10. Open the door as little as necessary and close it as soon as possible. 11. Lock the doors after you are certain that you have your keys and that all passengers have safely exited the vehicle.

33. 9.5 Controlling Force of Impact
Safety Belts
KEY VOCABULARY
Active Restraint Device
A device you must engage such as a safety belt
Passive Restraint Device
A device that works automatically such as an air bag

34. 9.5 Controlling Force of Impact
SAFETY BELTS
Wearing a safety belt is your first defense in an emergency. Safety belts hold you in place and prevent you from being thrown from the vehicle.
During a crash, safety belts distribute the forces of rapid deceleration over larger parts of the body.
Everyone must wear a safety belt. All states require that very young children ride in safety-tested and approved car seats.

35. 9.5 Controlling Force of Impact
Any time you are in a vehicle, you must wear a safety belt. Follow these steps to maximize protection from your safety belt:
Adjust your seat to an upright position and sit all the way back. Make sure your safety belt is not twisted.
Click the safety belt’s latch into the buckle.
Adjust the lap portion of the safety belt so it is low and snug across your hips.
Adjust the shoulder belt snugly across your chest and collarbone.

36. 9.5 Controlling Force of Impact
Number 1 to 5 in your spiral and answer True or False to the following statements:
__ 1. Wearing a safety belt is your second defense in an emergency. Safety belts hold you in place and prevent you from being thrown from the vehicle.
__2.During a crash, safety belts distribute the forces of rapid deceleration over smaller parts of the body.
__3.Everyone must wear a safety belt. All states require that very young children ride in safety-tested and approved car seats.
__4. Adjust your seat to an upright position and sit all the way forward. Make sure your safety belt is not twisted.
__5. Adjust the lap portion of the safety belt so it is low and loose across your hips.

37. 9.5 Controlling Force of Impact
Answer True or False to the following statements:
F 1. Wearing a safety belt is your FIRST defense in an emergency. Safety belts hold you in place and prevent you from being thrown from the vehicle.
F 2.During a crash, safety belts distribute the forces of rapid deceleration over LARGER parts of the body.
T 3.Everyone must wear a safety belt. All states require that very young children ride in safety-tested and approved car seats.
F 4. Adjust your seat to an upright position and sit all the way BACK. Make sure your safety belt is not twisted.
F 5. Adjust the lap portion of the safety belt so it is low and SNUG across your hips.

38. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Key Idea
What methods can you use to accurately and safely maneuver your vehicle when changing lanes, turning, stopping, backing, and parking?
As a driver, you’ll make right and left turns, park your vehicle, and drive backwards.

39. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Mirror Usage and Backing Procedures
Using mirrors effectively is essential for getting timely and accurate information about conditions behind your vehicle.
Driving large vehicles makes good mirror-usage skills even more important.
Backing situations present high crash risks, but correctly using mirrors and adhering to backing guidelines will minimize these risks.

40. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Mirror Usage
There are three mirrors that come as standard equipment on most vehicles: the inside rearview mirror, and two outside mirrors. In addition, convex mirrors can be added to help compensate for blind spots.

41. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Mirror Usage: Inside Rearview Mirror
Check the inside rearview mirror when you see something in the path you intend to travel, and before and after making a turn at an intersection, to get an update on traffic behind you.
Check before and after passing another vehicle to see whether the car behind you is in position to pass you and the other vehicle.
Check the mirror before and after making a lane change.
Make two or three quick mirror checks rather than one prolonged check, and be on the lookout for aggressive drivers who may be weaving in and out of lanes.

42. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Mirror Usage: Outside Mirrors
Before moving the vehicle to either side, check the outside mirror on the side to which you will be moving.
To check for a vehicle in the mirror’s blind spot, you can look over your shoulder in the direction you wish to move, or move your head forward while checking the outside mirror.

43. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Mirror Usage: Convex Mirrors
The best way to eliminate blind spots is by attaching a convex mirror to each outside mirror.
Outside mirrors on the driver’s side have a flat surface, which shows a limited range of view.
The surface of a convex mirror is curved outward like the exterior of a ball, which allows a wider view of the area to the side and rear of the vehicle.
When you see something that is in both the flat and the convex mirror, you should judge its position to your vehicle by use of the flat mirror.
When you can see something in the convex mirror, but not in the flat mirror, then it is in the blind-spot area. It will be unsafe to move into its path.

44. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Backing
Backing is a high-risk maneuver because drivers cannot see behind their vehicles.
Therefore, obstructions lying on the pavement can go undetected.
Always walk to the rear of the vehicle before getting into it to check for a safe path for the tires to travel.
Write procedures for backing and number 1-4 in your spiral.

45. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Backing: Procedures for Backing
Place your foot firmly on the brake, and shift into reverse.
Use a target to aim the car towards. Look over your right shoulder to see your targeting path.
Check all three mirrors to supplement looking over your shoulder.
Travel no faster than a crawl by slightly releasing brake-pedal pressure.

46. Chapter 4: Performing Basic Maneuvers
Backing: Backing Straight
When backing straight, put your left hand on the steering wheel at the 12:00 position.
Move the top of the steering wheel in the direction you want the back of the vehicle to go.