1. Progress in PON research in PIEMAN and MUSE Russell Davey russell.davey@bt.com PIEMAN

2. Overview Drivers for long reach access Early feasibility results Long reach access in MUSE and PIEMAN Evolution to long reach access

3. Bandwidth Growth – The Margin Challenge 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2000200120022003200420052006 Revenues Relative growth Costs 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2000200120022003200420052006 Revenues Relative growth Incremental Costs 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2000200120022003200420052006 Costs Relative growth Bandwidth 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2000200120022003200420052006 Relative growth Bandwidth 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Greater bandwidths - New services - Maintain/grow revenues But costs rise faster … Margins are eroded

4. Reducing cost of bandwidth by simplifying network Today 21C Long reach Vision ~100 Metro Nodes optical core 10 Gb/s 1000 way split 100 km

5. 10 Gbit/s Bidirectional Transmission in 1024-way Split, 110 km Reach, PON System D. Nesset et al, ECOC 2005, Paper Tu1.3.1

6. Enabling technologies Transceivers Electronic Dispersion Compensation FEC

7. DWDM reach extension of GPON to 135 km FlexLight OLT Infinera 40 DWDM 10 km125 km BT bespoke transponder Flexlight ONUs total x64 split 1.2 Gbit/s 2.5 Gbit/s to Business (e.g. 10G SDH)) oeo Service or Metro nodeLocal exchange or CO location R.P. Davey et al, OFC 2005, Paper PDP35

8. Long reach PON with WDM backhaul Cabinet Service node Nx 2.5 or 10 Gbit/s WDM long PON FTTP Customers 256x Split Reach of ~100 km MSAN Non-FTTP Customers big business customer copper Would allow integrated access & backhaul

9. 20072012 GPON Powered Cabinets amplified GPON (60 km) 10 Gbit/s LR-PON (100+ km) Non- Greenfield access Backhaul Greenfield access Flexible LR-PON +10Gbit/s + scale protocol to 1024 split +WDM in backhaul WDM LR-PON +colourless ONUs +tunable optics Ethernet GPON WDM SDH Research roadmap to long reach PON EU research collaborations PIEMAN

10. Step 1: Amplified GPON Adding amplifiers to GPON can be an interim solution for LR-PON ONU 32-way Split = 17.5dB OLT1a Tx Rx 4X44X4 OLT1a Tx Rx 60km Demonstration of Enhanced Reach and Split of a GPON System Using Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Derek Nesset, Dave Payne, Russell Davey and Tim Gilfedder ECOC 2006 24-28 September 2006 Paper Mo4.5.1

11. TF4 Lab trials TF1 Access architecture & platforms TF3 Residential Gateways TF2 First mile solutions SP B MMBB SP C FMC SP D Distributed nodes WP B1WP C1WP D1 WP B2 WP C2 (DSL) WP D2 WP B3WP C3WP D3 WP B4WP C4WP D4 WP A.3 Techno-Economics WP A.4 GSB Standardisation SP A Technical Steering and Consensus MUSE organisation Consensus Standards contributions Exchange of info in same area Proto and trial of E2E deployment scenarios SP E Node consolid. WP E1 WP E2 (Optical) WP E3 WP E4 Long reach PON research in SPE

12. MUSE Sub Project E - Node Consolidation Lower cost by bypassing conventional local exchange and centralising the functionality –Develop long reach PON –Optimal VDSL drop in long reach PON– explore opportunities for CWDM 100 km reach TC layer (PON MAC layer) implemented Transponder at local exchange for upstream

13. PIEMAN FP6 Call 4 IST STREP Strategic objective Broadband for All Start date: 1st January 2006 Duration: 3 years End date: 31 st December 2009 Total person-months: 340 Total cost: 3.9m EC contribution: 2.2m

14. PIEMAN target system design Longer term evolution of MUSE SPE 10 Gbit/s upstream & downstream All optical at local exchange – no transponders Physical layer focus – no TC layer implemented

15. PIEMAN Workpackages 91 MM 87 MM 86 MM 64 MM

16. Evolution from installed FTTP (GPON) to long reach PON Fibre lean

17. backhaul Evolve from installed GPON to long reach PON Fibre lean cable back towards Exchange Local Exchange to metro node Cable chamber GPON-ONU LR-ONU At day one install WDM couplers in local exchange LR-PON ONUs and GPON ONUs share same fibre using WDM GPON & LR-PON ONUs include wavelength blocking filters GPON LR-ONU GPON

18. backhaul Upgrade scenario 1C step 2 Fibre lean cable back towards Exchange Local Exchange to metro node Cable chamber GPON-ONU LR-ONU In time all users on one GPON will individually change to LR-PON GPON LR-ONU GPON LR-ONU Now remove GPON OLT from local exchange Until eventually there are no GPONs left LR-ONU

19. 1300140015001600 O Band 1260-1360nm E Band 1360-1460nm S Band 1460- 1530nm C Band 1530- 1565nm L Band 1565- 1625nm ITU G694.2 CWDM grid 20±6.5nm FSAN Upstream 1260-1360nm FSAN Reserved 1360-1480nm FSAN Downstream 1480-1500nm FSAN Additional digital services 1539-1565nm FSAN Video Distribution 1550-1560nm FSAN Future L band reserved and unspecified FSAN ITU G694.1 DWDM grid: Centre - 1532.52nm 100, 50, 25, 12.5 GHz spacing WDM PON EDFA Fibre Spectrum Allocation

20. Wavelength plan for LR-PON And GPON to share fibres GPON wavelengths –1480-1500 nm downstream –1260-1360 nm upstream –Optionally 1550-1560 nm for video overlay This is not ideal from evolution perspective! LR-PON likely to use erbium window –As do most candidates for next generation PON (e.g. WDM-PON) –If video overlay not used then ITU-T reserved 1535-1565 nm is an obvious choice for LR-PON Reserve L-band for diagnostics and/or future use –If video overlay is used then L band may be best alternative (fibre performance needs to be comfirmed) Since GPON and LR-PON may share the same fibre their signals must not interfere –Need cost-effective wavelength blocking (narrow bandpass) filters in GPON ONUs from the beginning ITU-T recommend 1510 nm to remotely supervise optical amplifiers and this seems a a good idea in LR-PON –Or alternatively use ONT co-located with the amplifier to provide in-band management (keeps 1510 wavelength available and will be lower cost)

21. Evolution from installed FTTCab to long reach PON

22. FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps Local exchange backhaul Service node (21C metro node) Core network backhaul DSL street cabinet copper to customers DSL street cabinet copper to customers MSAN Optical taps fitted at initial FTTCAB installation At day one install optical taps and wavelength blocking filter at cabinet

23. Local exchange backhaul Service node (21C metro node) Core network backhaul DSL street cabinet copper to customers DSL street cabinet copper to customers MSAN Optical taps fibre to some customers big split ~256 ONU LR-OLT ONU LR-PON ONT feeds cabinet DSL system Customers upgrading to FTTP connected to LR-PON Note original FTTCab optical Units need blocking filters FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps

24. Local exchange backhaul Service node (21C metro node) Core network backhaul DSL street cabinet copper to customers DSL street cabinet copper to customers MSAN Optical taps fibre to some customers big split ~256 probably two stages) ONU LR-OLT ONU LR-PON ONT feeds cabinet DSL system Customers upgrading to FTTP connected to LR-PON FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps

25. Local exchange Service node (21C metro node) Core network DSL street cabinet copper to customers DSL street cabinet copper to customers Optical taps fibre to some customers big split ~256 ONU LR-OLT ONU When all cabinets fed with LR-PON then MSAN and old backhaul can be recovered FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps

26. Local exchange Service node (21C metro node) Core network DSL street cabinet copper to customers Optical taps fibre to all customers big split ~256 ONU LR-OLT ONU When all customers on cabinets fed with LR-PON, DSL cabinets can be recovered ONU FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps

27. Local exchange Service node (21C metro node) Core network Optical taps big split ~256 LR-OLT big split ~256 When all customers on cabinets fed with LR- PON then DSL cabinets can be recovered fibre to all customers ONU fibre to all customers ONU FTTCab WDM overlay using optical taps

28. 1300140015001600 O Band 1260-1360nm E Band 1360-1460nm S Band 1460- 1530nm C Band 1530- 1565nm L Band 1565- 1625nm ITU G694.2 CWDM grid 20±6.5nm FSAN Upstream 1260-1360nm FSAN Reserved 1360-1480nm FSAN Downstream 1480-1500nm FSAN Additional digital services 1539-1565nm FSAN Video Distribution 1550-1560nm FSAN Future L band reserved and unspecified FSAN ITU G694.1 DWDM grid: Centre - 1532.52nm 100, 50, 25, 12.5 GHz spacing WDM PON EDFA Fibre Spectrum Allocation

29. Proposal: Use CWDM grid in 1360-1480 nm range for FTTCab Look to be 3 useable wavelengths – 6 if dry fibre used. Taken from G.695 (01/2005)

30. Conclusions To reduce the cost of bandwidth, operators need to simplify networks Long reach access is a way to achieve this –~100 km –multiple wavelengths –~512 customers per wavelength Initial feasibility experiments have been reported MUSE and PIEMAN are taking the concept further Evolution is important –Amplified GPON as first step In a fibre lean deployment, long reach PON will need to share fibres with deployed GPON and FTTCab –Can be achieved with WDM overlay –As long as you pre-plan it –For example blocking filters in GPON ONUs

31. Thank you russell.davey@bt.com PIEMAN