1. PHED 3 Contemporary Issues in Sport World Games
A2 PE
PHED 3
Contemporary Issues in Sport
World Games

2. What is the nature of world games? What impact do world games have?

3. Starter Activity
Try to list all the Olympic cities and the year they staged the Olympics e.g.: London -1908, 1948, 2012
host_cities

4. World Games Level of competition beyond their own national boundaries
Coming together of elite athletes and teams to compete.
World level
Continental level
Regional level
Single Sport
Multi-sport
Football- FIFA World Cup
Olympics
Hockey- Champions Trophy
Paralympics
Rugby- Heineken Cup
Commonwealth Games
Gymnastics- African Championships
Pan American Games
Badminton- IBAD (International Badminton association for disabled ) European Championships
All-Africa Games
Special Olympics Latin America games

5. Characteristics of world games
Will vary to do with the size and popularity of the competition
Olympics- 11,000 athletes, 3.5 million spectators, £20bn and 50,000 volunteers
Typical characteristics can be identified:-
Elite performers
Often require qualification (or pre set standard)
Shop window for country hosting the event
Highly commercialised
Sponsorship and selling the franchise
Infrastructure development (if large)
Transport, living accommodation, hotels etc.
Large numbers of spectators
Development of sports facilities

6. 1936 Berlin Olympics
1972 Munich Olympics
Cathy Freeman – 2000 Olympics

7. The Olympic Ideal
The Olympic Charter – ‘ To contribute to building a peaceful and better world by educating youth through sport practiced without discrimination of any kind and in the Olympic spirit, which requires mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play’
Amateurism
Early Olympics were for amateurs only
De Coubertin was following the ethics and values of English Public Schools
Gentleman Amateur competed to test himself and for the love of sport not financial reward
Early competitors were upper or middle class
Fair play was an essential part of the Games philosophy
Taking part fairly was considered more important than winning
Practising or training was seen as almost as bad as cheating
It showed too much emphasis on wanting to win

8. The International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Main organising body for the Olympics – Summer and Winter
Decides which city will host each games
IOC members vote for their preferred choice
It tries to manage the commercial side of the Games while still sticking to the original ideals as much as possible
It owns all the rights to Olympic symbols, flag, motto, anthem etc
The British Olympic Organisation (BOA)
Main organising body for British Olympic teams
Works on Olympic Bids e.g. bidding for 2012
Raises funds from government and sponsors
Manages teams – travel, training camps, kit, support etc

9. Impact of World Games
Individuals
Country
Government

10. Individuals Michael Phelps Performers are highly motivated to succeed
Test themselves against the best
Wish to fulfil their potential
Pride and satisfaction from representing country
Meeting expectation of significant others
Potentially leading to a career as a professional performer
Spectators
Inspired by role models
Sense of pride in national performance Team GB
Unfortunately there are many reasons why someone may not make it to the world games stage despite having the necessary ability…
Lack self discipline to make necessary sacrifices
Lack motivation to push performance boundaries
Lack the financial, coaching or technical support
Injury
Decide on another career path
Temptation to break rules- leading to suspension

11. Country
Impact on the country can be split into cultural, social and economic.
Cultural
Emphasis placed on desire to be successful
Demonstrated by the resources which are devoted to achieve
Reflected by the media
People who do well become national heroes
Social
Ability to unite a nation
Beijing
Controversy over international criticism of government’s record of human rights
Unite the nation behind the current government
National pride at hosting event

12. Olympic legacy- What happens when the games leave?
Country (Continued)
Olympic legacy- What happens when the games leave?
Economics
World games can have a huge economic affect on a country. People seek to host for the following potential benefits:-
Places country in limelight- Show window effect
Encourages financial investment
Tourism
Stimulus for development of sport facilities
Increasing levels of participation (AS)
Infrastructure development- Roads, public transport etc.
Focus for regional regeneration
However many countries have suffered significant difficulties:-
Cost can far exceed revenue leaving debts to pay off- Montreal
Facilities of end up unused, wrong location or wrong design for long-term
Construction delays in run up to event damaging India Commonwealth games
If event doesn’t run smoothly brings negative press coverage

13. Government
Bids are generally supported by governments in the hope bringing long term benefits to the country
Can also be used to Demonstrate the effectiveness of their political philosophy
USA and Russia during the cold war (60s and 70s)
Chinese government stated that Beijing would help with the development of human rights
Did it? -Amnesty international reported protestors were arrested
A Government’s own future can be severely affected by hosting a world games:-
Increase in popularity after a successful bid/games
Unifying an un-popular government
Beijing- Many Chinese supported the government after protestors affected Torch relay Protests
Lose support if games are unsuccessful
Disruption to lives
Over spending leading to Tax payments