1. RAY SUB TECHNOLOGY

2. DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS BENEFITS

3. Omnidirectional pattern: Excessive low frequency level on stage (damages sound pick-up); High reverberant level in indoor venues; Environmental problems in outdoors venues. Stereo Design: Power Alley effect related to strong Left and Right interferences. Eigen Modes: In closed venues, room eigen modes (nulls and maximums) are dominant over source location. DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS

4. p = p = 0 d S1S1 in ( ) S2S2 p1p1 p2p2 p2p2 p1p1 =d/C Directional Low Frequency Radiation Gradient Subwoofer Block Diagram DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS

5. Pressure results from front and rear generated pressures differences; NX Controller algorithms allow up to 5 dB gain in the front zone, and 15 dB average attenuation in the rear zone (variable pattern); Low Frequency Cut-off is determined when rear loudspeaker does not add gain in front zone; increases as cabinet depth decreases; High Frequency Cut-off is determined when side lobes appear and on-axis level decreases; increases as cabinet depth decreases; Usable Range: 2 to 3 octaves depending on cabinet architecture; RS patent pending technology extends High Frequency cut-off and suppresses the Low Frequency cut-off through proper definition of radiating surfaces position and phase relationship. Directional Low Frequency Radiation DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS

6. Directional Low Frequency Radiation RS15 On-Axis Gain: Rear (Red) – Front (Blue) - Rear+Front (Green) DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS

7. Directional Low Frequency Radiation 2xRS15 Coverage and Response DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS

8. To summarize: Rear Radiation is lowered by more than 12 dB, which benefits to stage as well as to neighbours; Direct to Reverberant ratio is increased by nearly 6 dB (which increases Sub impact in closed venues); Beacuse of their directional behaviour, gradient subwoofers are less sensitive to room eigen modes. DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFERS Directional Low Frequency Benefits

9. DIRECTIONAL SUBWOOFER ARRAY DESIGN

10. Issue: Stereophony cannot apply to VLF systems installed 20 meters apart (doublet type interferences occur on all mono signals); No universal rule applies, this is a case to case situations where various options must systematically be explored within implementation constraints; Sub design is experimenting, and making the right compromise. Directional sub array design rules: Distance between subs should not be less than 0.5 meters (for proper rear to front enregy transfer), not more than 1.7 meters (so that line criteria is fulfilled up to 100 Hz) Design is easier because consequences on stage are less Choosing the right compromise DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN

11. CENTER MONO SUB Advantages No Left/ Right interferences; Coverage constancy when flown. Drawbacks Coverage consistancy when stacked; Phase relation between Stereo system and center mono Sub. DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN Stacked Center Sub Flown Center Sub

12. HORIZONTAL SUB ARRAY Advantages No Left/ Right interferences; Coverage Control. Drawbacks Implementation; « Hot Spot » on stage for Curved Arrays; Phase relation between Main System and Horizontal Array. Geometrically Curved Array Electronically Curved Array DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN

13. STEREO SUB DESIGN DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN Interferences between Left and Right are related to coverage overlap; Overlap has to be minimized, ie Left and Right coverage have to be as independent as possible; When using few cabinets, directional subwoofers should be rotated 30° to 45° outwards; Interference region is then limited to the center area. Stereo Omnidirectional Subs Stereo Directional Subs

14. STEREO SUB ARRAY DESIGN Procedure Sub Array must be designed and experimented (one side only) to minimize overlap from one side to the other. Advantages Interference region is limited to the center area; Phase relation between Main Stereo System and Sub Arrays is improved; Drawbacks « Power Alley » effect. DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN Curved Sub Array – Left Implementation Curved Sub Array – Left and Right Sum

15. STEREO SUB ARRAY DESIGN Procedure Sub Array must be designed and experimented (one side only) to minimize overlap from one side to the other. Advantages Interference region is limited to the center area; Phase relation between Main Stereo System and Sub Arrays is improved. Drawbacks « Power Alley » effect. DIRECTIONAL SUB ARRAY DESIGN Steered Sub Array – Left Implementation Steered Sub Array – Left and Right Sum

16. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION

17. OMNIDIRECTIONAL MODE Omnidirectional mode should be favoured when: Sufficient depth is not available for directional implementation Strong rear radiation is not critical Coverage is slightly narrower along RSs width than height RS15 horizontal coverage (omni mode) RS15 vertical coverage (omni mode)

18. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION DIRECTIONAL MODE - SINGLE Single RS15 horizontal coverage is: Constant 120°@-3dB / 180°@-6dB Tilted 30° off-axis; Single RS15 vertical coverage is: Constant 120°@-3dB / 180°@-6dB Symmetrical. In directional mode, no reflecting surface should be at less than 50cm from RS15s walls RS15 horizontal coverage (direct mode) RS15 vertical coverage (direct mode)

19. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION DIRECTIONAL MODE - PAIRS « BACK TO BACK » MODE -3 dB Horizontal Coverage decreases from: 120° @ 31 Hz to 60° @ 100 Hz - 3dB Vertical Coverage is constant 120° 2 RS15 « back to back » coverage

20. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION DIRECTIONAL MODE - PAIRS « ALTERNATE MODE » -3 dB Horizontal and Vertical Coverages are constant 120° 2 RS15 « alternate » coverage

21. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION DIRECTIONAL MODE - PAIRS « FACE TO FACE » MODE When set 50cm / 20 apart: -3 dB Horizontal Coverage increases from: 120° @ 31 Hz to 180° @ 100 Hz - 3dB Vertical Coverage is constant 120° 2 RS15 « face to face » coverage

22. DIRECTIONAL MODE – VERTICAL COLUMNS RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION RS15s columns are always flown vertically (bumper at 0°, no angle between cabinets) A 12 RS15 cluster flown at 10m / 30ft provides a +/-3 dB SPL deviation at 100Hz over 75m / 200ft while maintaining 15 to 20 dB attenuation on stage 12 RS15 « alternate » unsteered column coverage

23. RAY SUBs IMPLEMENTATION DIRECTIONAL MODE – VERTICAL COLUMNS RS15s columns can be steered electronically upwards or downwards Minimum RS15 quantity for efficient control is 4 Coverage control increases with higher quantities Beam steering can go up to +/-45° 12 RS15 « alternate » -15° steered column coverage

24. RS15ACCESSORIES TD CONTROLLERS SPECIFICATIONS

25. RS15 Bumper (up to 12 RS15s) RS15 Dolly (up to 2 RS15s) RS15 Rigging Plates RS15 Wheels RS15 ACCESSORIES

26. NXAMP4x1 controls and powers up to 2 RS15s in all directional modes NXAMP4x4 controls and powers up to 8 RS15s in all directional modes NX242 Digital TDController has 46 presets to combine RS15 with PS series & GeoS series GeoS12TD Controller features a mono output to operate RS15 in Omnidirectional Mode RS15 ELECTRONICS

27. RS15 SPECIFICATIONS

28. THANK YOU !