1. Spain
16.1

2. Spain 1500s Spain emerged as the 1st modern European Power
Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand had unified the country and commanded conquest of the Americas

3. Charles V Charles I Heir to three thrones
Hapsburg Monarchy
Included the Holy Roman Empire
Netherlands
Castile & Aragon
When he inherited these lands he took the name Charles V
Faced with constant warfare
Protestantism in Germany
Ottoman Empire

4. Dividing the Empire
Charles V abdicated the throne and entered a monastery in 1556
He divided his empire between his brother and son
Hapsburg to Ferdinand
Became Holy Roman Empire
Spain, Netherland, Southern Italian states, and Spain’s overseas colonies to his son, Phillip II

5. Phillip II Ruled Spain for 42 years Ruled as absolute monarch
Asserted that he had divine right
Saw himself as the guardian of the Roman Catholic Church

6. Defending the Catholic Church
Phillip II fought many battles to advance Spanish Catholic power
Fought Protestant rebels in the Netherlands
In the 1560s riots broke out opposing the Inquisition
1581 Northern Netherlands declared their independence from Spain and became known as the Dutch Netherlands
1571 Battle of Lepanto
Spain & Italy defeated an Ottoman fleet signifying Spanish power

7. Spanish Armada