1. Extending Spanish Power
CP World History

2. CHARLES V AND THE HAPSBURG EMPIRE

3. CHARLES V AND THE HAPSBURG EMPIRE - 1
By 1500’s, Spain was the first modern European Power
Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand expelled all Muslim rulers and enforced religious unity
In 1492, Columbus’s voyage was financed by them which led to American Conquest
Wearing Two Crowns
In 1519, Charles V took power
He took over Spain and also the Austrian Hapsburgs
Hapsburg Empire included Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands

4. The Hapsburg Empire

5. Coins of Charles V

6. CHARLES V AND THE HAPSBURG EMPIRE - 2
He exhibited constant warfare with two crowns
He suppressed Protestants in Germany
He eventually was forced to let them choose their own religion
Ottomans were his biggest enemy
Suleiman led the Ottomans across Central Europe to Vienna (Austria)
Ottomans occupied Hungary and challenged Spanish Control in the Mediterranean

7. Suleiman The Magnificent

8. CHARLES V AND THE HAPSBURG EMPIRE - 3
Empire Divided
Hapsburg Empire was too large and scattered
Charles V gave up his throne and joined a monastery in 1556.
He gave his brother Ferdinand the Hapsburg Empire and became the Holy Roman Emperor
He gave his son Phillip Spain, the Netherlands and Italy.

9. PHILLIP AND DIVINE RIGHT

10. PHILLIP AND DIVINE RIGHT -1
Phillip was ambitious and hard-working – had a 42 year reign.
He wanted to do 3 things
Expand Spanish Influence
Strengthen the Catholic Church
Make his power absolute
He devoted a lot of his time to government work
He didn’t hunt, joust and barely was a monk
He stayed isolated in his palace outside of the palace
It was called the Escorial – it served as a church, a residence and a tomb for the royal family

11. Who had a longer reign of Power?
CHARLES V
PHILLIP II

12. The Escorial

13. Map of the Escorial

14. Pictures of El Escorial

15. Picture from Inside of the Escorial
Royal tomb for the Spanish Kings
Escorial Grand Library

16. Bedroom of Phillip II

17. Phillip II’s Cathedral

18. PHILLIP AND DIVINE RIGHT -2
Phillip centralized royal power – every part of government was responsible to him
He was an absolute monarch
He said that his reign was ruled by divine right
Phillip saw himself as guardian of the Roman Catholic Church
He spent his life defending the Catholic Reformation – and fighting the Protestant tide in Europe
He enforce Religious unity but also used the Inquisition to turn Protestants and others

19. Wars of phillip II

20. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 1
Phillip fought many wars to expand Spanish Catholic power
In 1571, Spanish and Italians defeated the Ottomans at Lepanto in the Mediterranean

21. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 2 Revolt in the Netherlands
Phillip battle the rebels in the Netherlands for the last part of his reign
In the 17 provinces, the Protestants resisted Phillip’s efforts to crush their faith
Catholics and Protestants opposed Spain’s high taxes -- This threatened local traditions of self-government

22. WARS WITH PHILLIP II - 3
In the Dutch Revolt – 3 groups challenged Phillip II and were also impacted by him as well – Calvinists, Catholics and Protestants

23. WARS WITH PHILLIP II - 4
These groups revolted against Spain for a number of reasons
Protestants resisted Phillip’s efforts to crush their faith
Spain forced High Taxes on all groups- this threatened local traditions of self-government
Phillip’s attempt to strengthen his control on the reason caused resentment among the different groups

24. WARS WITH PHILLIP II – 5 Riots broke out in the Netherlands in 1566
Phillip responded by sending 10,000 troops to the Netherlands to crush the revolt
One major figure that rose up against the Spanish oppression was William the Silent – Prince of Orange

25. Map of the Netherlands
Netherlands -- Today
Netherlands

26. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 5
In 1560’s, riots broke out against the Inquisition – fought for decades
In 1581, Northern Protestant provinces declared independence and made the Dutch Netherlands
They weren’t recognized until 1648
The South was still Catholic

27. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 6 Invading England
By 1580’s, Queen Elizabeth was his prime Protestant Enemy
Elizabeth supported the Dutch against Spain
She encouraged English Captains (Sea Dogs) to plunder Spanish treasure ships
Francis Drake looted Spanish cities in the Americas – he was made into a knight

28. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 7
To end English attacks and subdue the Dutch – His Armada was readied to invade England
In 1588, the armada of 130 ships, and 20,000 men and 2400 pieces of artillery
The Spanish were confident of victory
The weather favored the English
The larger Spanish ships took losses against the lighter and faster English Ships
A savage storm blew up and scattered the Armada and it was eventually defeated

29. Map of the Armada

30. Elizabeth and the Armada - 1588

31. WARS OF PHILLIP II - 8
While the Defeat of the Armada ended his invasion plans, the Spanish still maintained their power.
After this loss, the Armada was eventually overtaken in superiority by the English and French

32. ECONOMIC DECLINE

33. ECONOMIC DECLINE - 1
In the 1600’s, Spanish power and prosperity slowly declined for a few reasons
Lack of Strong Leadership

34. ECONOMIC DECLINE - 2 Economic problems were blame
Costly wars drained wealth out of Spain almost as fast as it came
Treasures from the Americas led Spain to neglect farming and commerce
Government heavily taxed the small middle class
Expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain deprived the economy of skilled artisans
American Gold and Silver led to soaring inflation