1. ARTHROSYNDESMOLOGY
is the science
of bone articulations

2. Articulations Symphyses, or hemiarthroses Solid Synovial
(uninterrupted,
continious) joints,
or synarthroses
Synovial
(interrupted,
uncontinious) joints,
or diarthroses

3. Synarthroses Fibrous joints (syndesmoses) Osseous joints (synostoses)
Cartilaginous joints
(synchondroses)

4. Fibrous joints (syndesmoses) Ligaments Membranes Sutures Gomphoses
Fontanelles

9. Sutures
Serrate
Squamous
Plane

10. Serrate sutures

11. Squamous sutures

12. Plane sutures

14. Fontanels

16. Cartilaginous joints
(synchondroses)
Temporary

17. Cartilaginous joints
(synchondroses)
Permanent

18. Osseous joints
(synostoses)

20. Synovial joints (diarthroses)
Articular surfaces
Articular (joint) cavity
Articular (joint) capsule

21. Movements Frontal axis Sagittal axis Vertical axis Flexion Extension
Abduction
Sagittal axis
Adduction
Pronation
Vertical axis
Supination

22. Synovial joints (diarthroses)
Simple
Compound
Complex
Combined

23. Shoulder joint

24. Elbow joint

25. Knee joint
Meniscus

26. Temporomandibular joint
Disc

28. Synovial joints (diarthroses)
Uni-axial
Multi-axial
Bi-axial

29. Uni-axial joints
Pivot (trochoid)

30. Uni-axial joints
Hinge

31. Bi-axial joints
Ellipsoid

32. Bi-axial joints
Condyloid

33. Bi-axial joints
Saddle

34. Multi-axial joints
Ball-and-socket

35. Multi-axial joints
Plane

36. Ligaments Reinforce the synovial joints Direct the movements
Located perpendicular
to the axis of movement
Can be intra-articular (intrinsic)
or extra-articular (extrinsic)

37. Articular labra

38. Articular bursae

39. Plan of description of the synovial joints
Name of articular surfaces
Classification according to the number of articular surfaces
The joint features (bursae, labrae, discs etc)
Classification according to the number
of the articular surfaces and number of axis of movements
5. Movements at the joint
6. Ligaments of the joint (names, attachment)