1. International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004
Olof Widén, Senior Advisor
Finnish Shipowners Association
27 September 2018

2. Finnish Shipowners Association
Founded in 2008
25 member companies and 110 Finnish flagged vessels
Members have appr. 50 vessels under other flags
Member companies employ appr seafarers
FSA is a member of ECSA (the European Community Shipowners’ Association) and
ICS (the International Chamber of Shipping)
Website:

3. Ballast Water Management Convention, BWMC
Adopted in February Aim to prevent the transfer of invasive aquatic species in ships’ ballast water tanks
Entry into force criteria, when 30 states representing 35 % of world’s merchant shipping have ratified
Entered into force , trigged by FIN and applies to all ships > GT 400 in international traffic
Ships must comply at the earliest on and at the latest on with D-2 standard.

4. Examples on invasive species
Barnacles from North America
From appr in The Baltic Sea
No estimates on economical impact
Hull, sea chest, pier, under water construction
Combed Jellyfish from North America
From 1980 in the Black Sea, later in the Caspian Sea. Spotted in The Baltic Ses in 2006
Loss of fishing incomes by 90 % in certain areas.
Zebra Mussel from the Black Sea/Caspian Sea
From 1990’s in the North American Fresh Waters (in the Baltic Sea from early 1800)
Estimated Economical Impact in the US, – 3.1 billion $

5. Barnacle, Zebra mussel and Combed Jellyfish

6. Options for management of ballast water are:
Shipowners’ have to invest in D-2 solutions and while deciding which type of treatment equipment comply with the D-1 standard
Options for management of ballast water are:
Treatment of ballast water (Reg. D-2) with UV, electro-chemical reactions, Ozone, Cavitation, filtering etc.
Exchange of ballast water (Reg. D-1) - 50 nm from nearest land, 200 m depth, or designated BW exchange areas.
Permanent ballast water in sealed tanks, article 3-2(f).
Delivery of ballast water to port reception facilities.
Regulation A-3: Exceptions, e.g. ”same location”
Regulation A-4: Exemptions – Between specified ports

7. Baltic Sea Exchange of Ballast Water
Shallow water, very few deep parts with more than 200 m depth
Nowhere 200nm to shore
Very few places where >50 nm to shore

8. Why is Ballastwater Treatment so difficult in the Baltic Sea?
FSA is deeply concerned over the lack of treat-ment equipment working with 100 % reliability.
1) Low salinity also means lower electrical conductivity
2) High turbidity means lower functionality of UV–technics
3) Ice slush is clogging very sensitive filters in wintertime
4) Holding time, chlorination requirement 24-48h rounds.
We are a bit into the transition period so, it would be high time for equipment providers to deliver sustainable solutions.

9. Loading and discharging ballast water

10. FIN D2 implementation scenario 8.9.2016 - 5.7.2017
10% already installed treatment equipment
46% renewal of class period ( )
34% decoupling the IOPP certificate, (2022)
10% sealing the ballast tanks
Decision at MEPC 71 in July 2017
25 % of the above mentioned vessels had their reneval date in the time frame which meant a postponed D-2 implementation until 2024 (NOR sub-mission, MEPC 71/4/12).

12. De-coupling of the IOPP cerificate, alternative
The treatment equipment installation in the BWMC is connected to the renewal of the ships IOPP-certifikate.
The IOPP-certifikate is a part of the Harmonized Survey system for Ships Code ”HSSC”-code in which also the loadline-certificate ”LL” is included. Renewal of the ”LL” requires drydocking and thats why the IOPP had to be de-coupled from the HSSC-code.
When a ship meets it installation date at the latest in 2022 the IOPP-certificate has to be re-coupled to the HSSC code.

13. Experiences from FSA member companies
Company
BWM equipment
Technology
Utilization rate
ESL Shipping
Aura Marine and Pan Asia
Both UV technics
rarely used
Eckerö group
Aura Marine
UV technics
Bore
Hyde Marine
Meriaura
Headway Marine OceanGuard
EC technics
brand new

14. Still waiting for a technical break through
Still waiting for a technical break through! Will it this time be cavitation?
In the coming 5 years period almost all shipowners will invest in BWM technology, hopefully when commercia-lized.
FSA members have agreed that at the moment there are two technologies worth further processing, namely Ultra Violet UV and Electro Chlorination.
It has also appeared a new very promising product on the market still not type approved at IMO. Ultrasonic cleaning, that uses cavitation/air bubbles induced by high frequency pressure to agitate the ballast, so called cold cooking. This method has shown to be very effective in killing alien species also in Baltic conditions.

15. Thanks for your attention
Olof Widén Senior Advisor Finnish Shipowners’ Association