1. Bell Ringer
What is one piece of evidence that supported the theory of Continental Drift?

2. Agenda Notes: Earth’s Layers Independent Work: Slice of Earth Picture
Pass out Progress Reports

3. Earth’s Layers

4. Layers of the Earth
The Earth is made up of three major layers and several sublayers

5. Layers of the Earth – Crust
Crust – thin, solid layer of rock, creating Earth’s surface
Coolest layer, with temperatures increasing towards the center of the Earth

6. Layers of the Earth – Crust
Two types of crust:
Continental crust – thick (~25km) crust found on the continents
Oceanic crust – thin (~7km), dense crust found beneath the oceans

7. Layers of the Earth – Mantle
Mantle – consists of both solid and molten rock
mantle

8. Layers of the Earth – Mantle
Lithosphere – the crust and the solid uppermost part of the mantle
Asthenosphere – partially-molten layer directly under the lithosphere; slowly flows and causes the land above it to also move
solid “lithosphere” floating on top
Partially-molten “asthenosphere” underneath

9. Layers of the Earth – Mantle
So, the continental and oceanic crusts float on the asthenosphere
Isostasy – the displacement (moving out of the way) of the mantle by Earth’s crust

10. Layers of the Earth – Mantle
The crust is in balance with the mantle, so as the crust’s surface changes, so do its roots (underground parts)
As mountains erode away, the mountain roots rise to stay in balance
This is called isostatic rebound

11. Layers of the Earth – Mantle

12. Layers of the Earth -- Core
Core – innermost layer of the Earth
Outer Core – liquid iron and nickel
Inner Core – solid iron and nickel
outer core:
liquid
inner core:
solid

13. Summary of Earth’s Layers
Earth Layer
Sub Layer
Solid or Liquid?
Location
Crust
Lithosphere
Solid
Earth’s surface
Mantle
Below the crust
Liquid
Below the solid mantle
Core
Outside the inner core
Earth’s center
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Outer Core
Liquid
Inner Core
Solid

14. Summary of Earth’s Layers
Inner Core
Outer Core
Mantle
Crust
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere

15. Convection
The core is much hotter than the crust, which creates convection currents in the asthenosphere
Convection – the flow of heated matter rising and cooled matter sinking
“Warm up, cool down”

16. Convection
The mantle is heated by the core, and the heated material rises to the crust
The mantle is then cooled by the crust, and the cooled material sinks back down towards the core

17. Convection This keeps the matter in the mantle constantly circulating
This circulation due to convection is the driving force of plate tectonics

18. Earth’s Layers Follow directions carefully.
If you need help, then just ask me.
You may listen to music while working.
This is individual work. Those “collaborating” will split your grade.
Turn in when done.
I will pass out progress reports while you are working, IF YOU ARE MISSING ANY ASSIGNMENTS AND WOULD LIKE A COPY, WRITE YOUR NAME AND THE ASSIGNMENT(S) ON A PIECE OF PAPER AND I WILL GIVE THEM TO YOU TOMORROW.

19. Mr. Lee’s Rap: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiHRI_Z2Kgs

22. Pangaea, Earth’s Layers, and Plate Tectonics
(0-3:00)