1. Level 2
Preindustrial Age: s

2. Vocabulary Technology: industrial process leading to inventions
Transportation: a way someone travels from one place to another
Invention: something that is created
Domestic System: a manufacturing process in which people make items in their homes with materials supplied by entrepreneurs
Factory System: a manufacturing process in which capital, raw materials and labor are all centralized in a factory
Interchangeable parts: parts that can be removed and replaced with other parts
Mass production: producing a large amount of a good at low prices
Manufactured goods: goods made by machinery in large quantities
Leisure: time free of work
Work ethic: the belief that work can improve a persons character and give them importance

3. Essential Questions
How did social and economic life change as the United States began to move from an agrarian to an industrial society?
How did geographic factors contribute to this change?
How do statistics support historians as they research an era?

4. Technological Changes Altered the Way People Dealt with One Another
Improved transportation made travel and communication easier
Turnpikes: toll roads built by private citizens or by the federal government
National Road (Cumberland Road): ran east to west starting in Baltimore and eventually ending in Illinois
Canals: faster than roads
Railroads: faster than canals
Stop national road film at 2:00

5. The Impact of Early Industrialization and Technological Changes
“Domestic System” to the “Factory System”
An increase in the production of goods for sale rather than personal use
Samuel Slater:
He memorized blueprints from a British mill and opened the first industrial mill in the US in 1770
Increased the speed and productivity of spinning cotton into yarn
Outwork System: smaller parts of the production process were made in private homes
Recruited farm girls to operate machines in factories (Changing Roles of Women)
Lowell Massachusetts: mill town 1828
Paid female workers less; “Lowell Girls”
Eli Whitney:
Cotton Gin separated seeds from the plant (expanded slavery)
Rifles:
Interchangeable parts
Mass production
Reference:

6. The Impact of Early Industrialization and Technological Changes
People began to buy manufactured goods instead of homemade goods.
Cheaper and gave them more leisure time because they didn’t have to make it at home

7. The Impact of Early Industrialization and Technological Changes
Emergence of a new work ethic
Due to the ability to borrow capital, new businesses sprung up and the American dream, if you work hard you can achieve anything, grew.

8. Family Roles Changed, Affecting Society in General
Children used to work on family farms and in the home which left little time for fun or education.
Mechanization decreased work hours for some which gave them more time for leisure activities.
Childhood became a more distinct stage of life because of the prosperity of the age
More time for play
Less responsibilities
More education
Children from less affluent families
Began working in factories because they could be paid less and the machines didn’t need strength
By ,000,000 school age children worked hours a week
Conditions were poor

9. Essential Questions
How did social and economic life change as the United States began to move from an agrarian to an industrial society?
How did geographic factors contribute to this change?
How do statistics support historians as they research an era?