1. Southern Colonies USH1

2. British Colonies
Charter – permission granted by the English Crown to est a colony
Corporate colony – stockholders invest money to fund the start of a colony
Joint-stock company
Proprietary colony – land grant given by the king to an individual or group
Royal colony – paid for and ruled directly by the monarchy

3. Virginia - 1607 Jamestown 1st permanent English settlement
Funded by the Virginia Company
Joint-stock company
Intent – to find gold
Colony suffers in the beginning
Disease, famine, lack of leadership & Indian attacks
John Smith – brings organization to the colony
“He that shall not work will not eat”
John Rolfe – brings tobacco seeds & the crop becomes the primary export
Effects of tobacco
Labor intensive  slavery
Destroyed the land  expand
Very profitable so more settlers arrive
Expansion  more Native conflicts

4. Maryland - 1632 Land granted to Lord Baltimore Haven for Catholics
Church of England is Protestant
Fertile land  tobacco cultivation
Attracts more settlers, some not Catholics
Conflicts w/ Natives
Act of Toleration – religious freedom for all Christians, esp Catholics

5. Carolina - 1663 Southern Carolina Northern Carolina
Proprietary colony for 8 nobles
Large plantations
Rice & indigo
Social stratification (classes)
Charleston becomes a major port city
Soil & climate different from the southern part
Small tobacco farms
Colony split in 1712
Too large – hard to manage
Developed differently

6. Georgia - 1732 Reasons founded Founded by James Oglethorpe
Buffer from Spanish Florida
Debtors from England
Founded by James Oglethorpe
Restrictions
Land holdings limited to small farms
Slavery was banned
Alcohol was prohibited
Settlers wanted more freedom
Restrictions lifted in the 1740s

7. New England Colonies
The New England Colonies (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire) were marked by poor, thin, rocky soils and a relatively short growing season that made farming difficult. However, plentiful forests and proximity to the sea led New Englanders to eventually develop a thriving ship building industry. Fishing, whaling, and commercial trade from harbors such as Boston became important economic engines for the region. New Englanders became the merchants of the colonies and New England-based ships were the carriers of colonial goods in the trans-Atlantic trade. Developed mainly as a religious outpost for various groups.

8. Massachusetts Puritans
Separatist aka Pilgrims – separate from the Church of England
Puritans – wanted a more “purified” Church
Both groups will migrate b/c of religious persecution in England
Pilgrims settled at Plymouth – 1620
Puritans settled Mass. Bay – 1630
1691 – Massachusetts colony (combined)
Puritan leadership was able to acquire a majority share in a trading company. Using the trading company as a front, the Puritans moved the headquarters of the London Company of Plymouth to Massachusetts. New England Colonies were established by separatist Pilgrims at Plymouth in 1620 and the non-separatist Puritans at Massachusetts Bay in Like the Virginia colonists, the New England settlers had similar problems acclimating to their new environment and suffered substantial losses in the early years. Eventually in 1691, Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies were combined into one Massachusetts colony.

9. Massachusetts Pilgrims traveled on the Mayflower
Mayflower Compact – self govt by majority rule
Puritans were led by John Winthrop
“Model of Christian Charity” (city upon a hill)
Tight control politically & socially
Vote – male, church members (town mtgs)  Direct democracy
Not religiously tolerant
Salem Witch Trials
Relations w/ Natives soured as more colonists arrived
King Philip’s War (1675 – 1676)
AKA Metacom
Last major Native uprising in NE
Pilgrims initially come with 100 people. They were supposed to arrive close to Jamestown but a storm blew them off course and they landed in Plymouth, MA. John Winthrop led 1000 Puritans to establish MBC near preset-day Boston.

10. Rhode Island (1636) & Connecticut (1637)
Dissenters – people who disagreed w/ the teachings of the Puritan Church
Roger Williams – Puritan minister
Disagreed w/ the church practices
Banned from MBC
Founded Rhode Island
Treated Natives w/ respect
Religiously tolerant
Anne Hutchinson – challenged Puritan ministerial leadership
Connecticut was founded by Thomas Hooker (Puritan minister)
Differed w/ the church over political participation
Fundamental Orders of CT
1st representative govt
Pequot War
Conflict over fur trade & English territorial expansion

11. New Hampshire (1679) Originally part of MBC
Broke off & formed their own colony
Slightly more religiously diverse

12. Middle Colonies

13. Middle Colonies Cultural & religious diversity
Good harbors & river systems
Location was good for farming & trade
Wheat, corn, rye – aka “the breadbasket”
Relied upon the Natives for trade – relationship was better than New England & Southern Colonies

14. New York & New Jersey (1664)
NY was originally settled by the Dutch for trade – very successful
English seize the colony
Gov. Peter Stuyvesant negotiated transfer w/o resistance
King Charles II gave the colony to his brother James, the Duke of York
Major trading post
NY colony was too large to manage, so he gave two friends the southern part  New Jersey
Land in NJ was sold at low prices to attract settlers

15. New York & New Jersey

16. Pennsylvania (1682) & Delaware (1704)
Proprietary colony given to William Penn
Religious Society of Friends aka Quakers
PA is a haven for Quakers
Religiously tolerant
Fair treatment of Natives
Well advertised the colony in England
Delaware – once part of NY, then given to PA
Breaks off into a separate colony
Location made it too difficult to manage