1. European
Colonialism in
Africa

2. African Trade [15c-17c]

3. Pre-19c European Trade with Africa

4. European Motives For Colonization European Nationalism
Source for
Raw
Materials
Missionary Activity
Industrial
Revolution
European
Motives
For Colonization
Markets for Finished Goods
Military & Naval Bases
Social Darwinism
European Racism
Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul.
Humanitarian Reasons
Soc. & Eco. Opportunities
“White Man’s Burden”

5. European Explorers in Africa
19c  Europeans Map the Interior of Africa

6. European Explorations in mid-19c: “The Scramble for Africa”

7. Africa
in the
1880s

8. Africa in
1914

9. Social Darwinism

10. The “White Man’s Burden”
Rudyard Kipling

11. Take up the White Man's burden-- Send forth the best ye breed-- Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild-- Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child.
This famous poem, written by Britain's imperial poet, was a response to the American take over of the Phillipines after the Spanish-American Wa

12. Take up the White Man's burden-- In patience to abide, To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple, An hundred times made plain To seek another's profit, And work another's gain.

13. The “White Man’s Burden”?

14. The Belgian Congo: "King Leopold's Ghost"
a best-selling popular history book by Adam Hochschild that explores the exploitation of the Congo Free State by King Leopold II of Belgium between 1885 and 1908.[1]

15. The Congo Free State or The Belgian Congo

16. King Leopold II: (r – 1909)

17. Harvesting Rubber

18. Punishing “Lazy” Workers

19. 5-8 Million Victims! (50% of Popul.)
It is blood-curdling to see them (the soldiers) returning with the hands of the slain, and to find the hands of young children amongst the bigger ones evidencing their bravery...The rubber from this district has cost hundreds of lives, and the scenes I have witnessed, while unable to help the oppressed, have been almost enough to make me wish I were dead... This rubber traffic is steeped in blood, and if the natives were to rise and sweep every white person on the Upper Congo into eternity, there would still be left a fearful balance to their credit Belgian Official
The baskets of severed hands, set down at the feet of the European post commanders, became the symbol of the Congo Free State. ... The collection of hands became an end in itself. Force Publique soldiers brought them to the stations in place of rubber; they even went out to harvest them instead of rubber... They became a sort of currency. They came to be used to make up for shortfalls in rubber quotas, to replace... the people who were demanded for the forced labour gangs; and the Force Publique soldiers were paid their bonuses on the basis of how many hands they collected.

20. Belgium’s Stranglehold on the Congo

21. Berlin Conference of

22. The Struggle
For
South Africa

23. Dutch Landing in 1652

24. Shaka Zulu (1785 – 1828)

25. Boers Clash With the Xhosa Tribes
Boer Farmer

26. The Great Trek,
Afrikaners

27. Diamond Mines
Raw Diamonds

28. The Struggle for South Africa

29. Boer-British Tensions Increase
1877 – Britain annexed the Transvaal.
1883 – Boers fought British in the Transvaal and regained its independence Paul Kruger becomes President.
1880s – Gold discovered in the Transvaal

30. The Boer War:
The British
The Boers

31. A Future British Prime Minister
British Boer War Correspondent, Winston Churchill

32. The Struggle for South Africa