1. STATES OF MATTER CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES VS NON-CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES

2. STATES OF MATTER
1-Every substance in the world around us exists as a solid, liquid or gas.
States of matter
Solid (S)
Liquid (L)
Gas (G)

3. MATTER
2- Matter is anything which occupies space and which has mass.
liquid
gas
solid

4. PARTICLE THEORY
3- Particle theory: “matter is composed of particles that are invisible to the naked eye”

6. Solid PARTICLE THEORY 4- Particles arranged in regular way
5- Strong forces holding them together
6- Can’t move out of position

7. PARTICLE THEORY Liquid
7- Particles in contact & can slide over each other
8- Forces holding them together- weaker than in solid
9- No regular arrangement of particles
10 -Always takes up the shape of the container

8. PARTICLE THEORY
Gas
11- Particles much further apart from each other than in a solid or liquid
12- Very weak forces between gas particles
13- Complete freedom of movement & move quickly into all available space
14- Move about quickly & collide with each other and the walls of the container

9. NON-CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES
A non-characteristic property is a physical or chemical property that is not unique to one particular substance. It could be used to describe many substances

10. NON-CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES EXAMPLES
Temperature, Mass, Shape, Colour, Volume, Acidity and alkalinity (PH)

11. CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES
A characteristic property is a physical or chemical property that is unique to a particular substance. It can be used to identify a substance.

12. CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES EXAMPLES
Density: The amount of matter in an object, which is calculated by divided the mass by the volume
D = M V
Measured in g/cm3 , g/mL
Or for larger objects: kg/m3 , kg/L

13. Magnetism: The force of attraction between a magnet and a magnetic object

14. CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES EXAMPLES (CONT.)
Solubility: A measure of how well a substance can dissolve in another substance.
The Solute: the substance that is dissolved
The Solvent: the substance that dissolves the solute
The Solution: the result of mixing a solute and a solvent

15. CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES EXAMPLES (CONT.)
Melting Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
Boiling Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

16. EXAMPLE: THE ENGLISH OAK
Characteristic Property
Density = 720 kg/m3
Light yellow to Medium brown in colour
25-30 m tall
Non-Characteristic Property
Non-Characteristic Property

17. Example # 1 2. Red and circular in shape 3. Temperature of 250C
Below is the properties of unknown substances. Which of the following is a characteristic property?
1. Mass of 346 grams
2. Red and circular in shape
3. Temperature of 250C
4. Boiling Point of 204oC

18. Example # 2
Identify all of the non-charactertistic properties listed below
1. Volume of 200 ml
2. Square shaped
3. Temperature of 450C
4. Freezing Point of 204oC
5. Density of 24 g/ml

19. Example # 3
Exam like question!!!
Mass
103.5 g
Color
yellow
Magnetic No
Volume
50 ml
Julie has a unknown substance in a beaker. Its properties are described in the chart to the right.
Using the Density chart below, identify which substance Julie has in the beaker.
Density
Iron
7.86 g/ml
Water
1 g/ml
Nitrogen
g/ml
Sulphur
2.07 g/ml
Sulphur

20. Non-Characteristic Properties
REMEMBER!
Characteristic Properties
Non-Characteristic Properties
CO2 - Turns limewater cloudy
- Color
- Shape
- Texture
- Size
- Mass
- Temperature
- Odor
- Weight
- Volume
O2 - Ignites glowing splint
H2 - Pops in presence of
flame
Density, Melting Point & Freezing Point
DENSITY = m/V