1. Matter & Bonding Lesson # 7
Single Displacement

2. Single Displacement
A single displacement reaction is a chemical change that involves an element and a compound as reactants.
General Formula:
M + AB → MB + A (metal as element)
N + AB → A + NB (non-metal as element)
In single displacement, an ionic compound is always a reactant, along with either a metal or a non-metal on its own.
When the ionic compound is water or an acid, the metal will switch places with hydrogen, creating hydrogen gas.

3. S.D. (continued)
Visual: solid, shiny precipitate usually forms when the metal comes out of solution, gas bubbles if there is a non-metal, and the solution itself can change colour.
Real-Life Example: extracting expensive metals from minerals and rock in mining (take a cheaper metal, lower in activity, and displace a more expensive metal in an ionic solution).
Mg AgNO3 → 2 Ag + Mg(NO3)2
Br2 + CaI2 → I2 + CaBr2

4. Activity Series
The activity series is a list of common metals and non-metals put in order in terms of how reactive they are, and is used in single displacement reactions.
The metal or non-metal that is alone must be higher in activity than the element in the compound in order for the reaction to occur. If not, then the two elements will mix together, but there will be no reaction.

5. Practice
a) Sodium + Copper (II) Chloride →
b) Gold + Silver Nitrate →

6. Practice
c) Fluorine + Iron (III) Phosphide →
d) Zinc + Water →