1. American Revolution
Chapter 5

2. 2nd Continental Congress
Divided between different groups

3. Independence group:
John Adams
Richard Henry Lee
Ben Franklin

4. Stay with England:
John Dickenson

5. Actions by Congress Olive Branch Petition
Dec. of Cause & Necessity of Taking Up Arms

6. British Reaction Prohibitory Act: *Declares colonies in revolt
*blockade declared

7. England also wants to
Recruit Indians and Slaves
Hire Mercenaries

8. Common Sense
January 1776
Thomas Paine

9. Problem not any particular act, it was the corrupt system including king
System not fit to rule America

10. Richard Henry Lee proposes independence
June 7, 1776
Richard Henry Lee proposes independence

11. Declaration Committee
Adams
Franklin
Sherman
Livingston
Jefferson

12. Declaration of Independence
1st part-philosophy of rebellion
*based on Locke
2nd part-crimes of the king
*broke Social Contract

14. Congress creates Continental Army
Commander:
George Washington

15. From Virginia!!! Why Washington? Wealthy planter Military experience
Early advocate of independence
From Virginia
From Virginia!!!

16. Why is Washington so important?
*keeps army together
*symbol for the people
*sets precedent for military subservience to government

17. Problems for Colonies *No industry
No ability large scale manufacturing of guns
No ability for heavy arms

18. *No established army or navy
Must build everything from scratch

19. *No way to finance war
-Congress can’t tax
-states don’t raise enough only 6% of revenue

20. Congress and states both print money
*causes inflation
*some prefer to deal with British

21. One method of getting money and supplies?
France and Holland

22. *Not enough volunteers
Not as many join up after first year

23. THEY DON’T HAVE TO DEFEAT THE BRITISH
What advantage do the colonies have?
THEY DON’T HAVE TO DEFEAT THE BRITISH

24. 3 Phases of the War

25. New England Phase

26. *Bunker Hill
*Brits leave Boston
*Invasion of Canada

27. Mid Atlantic Phase

29. *Brooklyn Heights
*Harlem Heights
*White Plains
*Trenton
*Princeton

30. British Plan for 1777
Gen Howe north from NYC towards Albany
Gen Burgoyne south from Canada

32. SARATOGA
October 17, 1777

33. France Recognizes America
Gives money, guns, navy

34. The search for Loyalists
Southern Phase
The search for Loyalists

35. Cornwallis goes to Southern Colonies
Expects lots of loyalist to join him

36. Loyalist are few
Can’t trap American troops under Nathaniel Greene
Cornwallis gets frustrated, can only control areas he occupies

37. Washington, Rochambeau, and de Grasse go south

39. Cornwallis surrenders
YORKTOWN
October 17,1781
Cornwallis surrenders

40. “The World Turned Upside down”

41. PEACE TREATY Adams, Franklin and Jay September 3, 1783 *independence
*Canada to Florida Atlantic to Mississippi

42. LOSERS
*Loyalists
*Anglican Church
*Quakers

43. WINNERS
Catholics – only for a while

44. *Based on colonial experience
STATE GOVERNEMNTS
*Based on colonial experience
*Written
*weak/no Executive
*many have Bill of Rights