1. Learning Objectives
To recognize and identify biotic and abiotic influences on ecosystems
To be able to interpret and analyze population data of predator & prey species

2. Biotic & Abiotic Influences on Ecosystems

3. Limiting Factors Determine the upper limit of a population size
May be abiotic (temperature, amount of sunlight, access to water) or biotic (availability of food, mates)

4. Influence of Abiotic Factors
All species can exist within a range of abiotic conditions, or factors
This is called the tolerance range for the species
Towards either end of the tolerance range, stress is experienced
Within the range are optimal conditions

7. A wide tolerance range allows a species to be widely distributed and easily invade other ecosystems
A narrow tolerance range means a species is found in only very specific types of ecosystems

8. Terrestrial species are largely influenced by such abiotic factors as temperature, precipitation, and light
Aquatic species are influenced by salt concentration, depth, and the availability of light, oxygen, and nutrients

9. Influence of Biotic Factors
Abiotic factors determine where a species can live
Biotic factors determine the success of a species
Many biotic factors involve species interactions such as……

10. Species Interactions: (make a table)
Relationship
Definition
Example

11. Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example
Intraspecies competition
Between individuals of the same species

12. Intraspecies Competition

13. Intraspecies Competition

14. Species Interactions Relationship Definition Example
Interspecies competition
Between individuals of different species

15. Interspecies Competition

16. Interspecies Competition

17. One individual feeds on another
Species Interactions
Relationship
Definition
Example
Predation
One individual feeds on another

18. Predation

19. Predation

20. Predation

21. Two individuals benefit each other
Species Interactions
Relationship
Definition
Example
Mutualism/ Symbiotic
Two individuals benefit each other

22. Mutualism

23. Mutualism

24. Mutualism

25. Mutualism

26. Mutualism

27. One individual lives on / in another individual (a host), causing harm
Species Interactions
Relationship
Definition
Example
Parasitism
One individual lives on / in another individual (a host), causing harm

28. Parasitism

29. Parasitism

30. One organism benefits, the host neither benefits nor is harmed
Species Interactions
Relationship
Definition
Example
Commensalism
One organism benefits, the host neither benefits nor is harmed

31. Commensalism

32. Commensalism

33. Commensalism

35. Carrying Capacity
As population size increases, the demand for resources increases
The maximum population of a species that an ecosystem can sustain is called the carrying capacity
It can be altered naturally or by human activity

36. Your task:
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OH Deer Populations Graphical Analysis: