Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

3.What is the advantage of cells being small?

Published byTriin Kroon Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "3.What is the advantage of cells being small?"— Presentation transcript:

1 3.What is the advantage of cells being small?
Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect how efficiently materials get to all parts of a cell? Work with a partner to complete this activity 1. On a sheet of paper, make a drawing of a cell that has the following dimensions: 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm. Your partner should draw another cell about one half the size of your cell on a separate sheet of paper. 2. Compare your drawings. How much longer do you think it would take to get from the cell membrane to the center of the big cell than from the cell membrane to the center of the smaller cell? 3.What is the advantage of cells being small? It would take twice the amount of time. If cells are small, materials can be distributed to all parts of the cell quickly.

2 CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2
Image from: CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2 Image by Riedell

3 BIGGER CELLS NEED MORE FOOD and OXYGEN, but CAN’T TRANSPORT
IT FAST ENOUGH or IN BIG ENOUGH QUANTITIES!

4 mainly by increasing cell number
Image from: Image by Riedell Multicellular organisms grow mainly by increasing cell number

5 DNA CAN BE: SPREAD OUT IN NON-DIVIDING CELLS SCRUNCHED UP
IN DIVIDING CELLS CHROMATIN CHROMOSOMES

6 DNA in PROKARYOTES BACTERIAL DNA is CIRCULAR HAVE ONE CHROMOSOME
NO NUCLEUS; ATTACHED TO CELL MEMBRANE

7 DNA in EUKARYOTES (Plants & Animals)
DNA is ROD-SHAPED CHROMOSOMES MANY PAIRS FOUND IN NUCLEUS

8 Chromosome structure CHROMATIDS CENTROMERE HOMOLOGOUS
___________________ identical arms __________________ constricted area holds chromatids together CENTROMERE HOMOLOGOUS __________________ PAIR 2 of each chromosome (one from mom; one from dad)

9 HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
SAME SIZE SAME SHAPE CARRY GENES for the SAME TRAITS BUT ______________! (Don’t have to have the SAME CHOICES) NOT IDENTICAL

10 CELL DIVISION in PROKARYOTES
Bacteria reproduce using __________________________________ BINARY FISSION

11 CELL CYCLE ______________ = series of events that cells go through as they grow and develop cells alive cell cycle

12 CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE – non-dividing phase
G1- Grow bigger Cell is “doing its job” DNA is spread out as chromatin S - Synthesis (copy DNA) & chromosomal proteins G2- Grow bigger, make organelles & molecules needed for cell division

13 CELL DIVISION MITOSIS – Nuclear division Prophase Metaphase Anaphase
Telophase Cytokinesis – Cytoplasm divides G0 – cell stops dividing (Ex: nerve cell)

14 Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle Section 10-2 G1 phase M phase S phase

15

16 INTERPHASE (G1 - S - G2) Can’t see chromosomes
In between divisions Cells are in this phase most of the time Can see nucleus DNA spread out as chromatin Can’t see chromosomes DNA gets copied (S) Cell gets ready to divide

17 PROPHASE 1st dividing phase DNA scrunches into chromosomes
Pearson Education Inc publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall PROPHASE 1st dividing phase DNA scrunches into chromosomes Centrioles appear in centrosome region & move to poles Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear Spindle fibers form & attach to chromosomes

18 ________ region organizes spindle
CENTROSOME Spindle MICROTUBULES are part of cytoskeleton

19 METAPHASE Chromosomes line up in ___________ middle
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

20 ANAPHASE Centromeres split Centrioles pull chromatids_______ apart
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

21 two TELOPHASE (reverse prophase steps) See ______ nuclei
Nuclear membrane & nucleolus return Chromosomes spread out as chromatin Centrioles disappear Spindle fibers disappear Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

22 CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells CLEAVAGE FURROW
ANIMAL CELLS pinch cytoplasm in two with a ______________________ CLEAVAGE FURROW

23 CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells
PLANT CELLS can’t pinch because they have a sturdy ____________ Plant cells separate cytoplasm by growing a _______________ down the middle. CELL WALL CELL PLATE

24 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

25 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

26 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

27 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

28 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

29 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming

30 Videos Animal Cell Mitosis Animal Cell Cytokinesis

31 Concept Map Cell Cycle includes is divided into is divided into

32 Concept Map Cell Cycle Section 10-2 includes M phase (Mitosis)
Interphase is divided into is divided into G1 phase S phase Prophase G2 phase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase

Download ppt "3.What is the advantage of cells being small?"

Similar presentations

CHAPTER 8 VOCAB. Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells. Condition in which a cell has grown.

CHAPTER 8 VOCAB. Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells. Condition in which a cell has grown.
Mitosis Quiz Review Friday, February 13th

Mitosis Quiz Review Friday, February 13th
Cell Division #1 JEOPARDY S2C06 Jeopardy Review What Phase Is it? Vocabulary Cell Division Picture ID More Vocab 100 200 300 400 500.

Cell Division #1 JEOPARDY S2C06 Jeopardy Review What Phase Is it? Vocabulary Cell Division Picture ID More Vocab
Cell Division #1 JEOPARDY S2C06 Jeopardy Review What Phase Is it? Vocabulary Cell Division Picture ID More Vocab 100 200 300 400 500.

Cell Division #1 JEOPARDY S2C06 Jeopardy Review What Phase Is it? Vocabulary Cell Division Picture ID More Vocab
Section 10-1 Getting Through

Section 10-1 Getting Through
Chapter 10 Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere The phase of the cell.

Chapter 10 Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere The phase of the cell.
Image from: Image by Riedell CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2.

Image from: Image by Riedell CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2.
3.What is the advantage of cells being small?

3.What is the advantage of cells being small?
Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere.

Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere.
Chapter 10 Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere The phase of the cell.

Chapter 10 Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere The phase of the cell.
Image from: Image by Riedell CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2.

Image from: Image by Riedell CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2.
CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2. 2 Reasons why cells divide 1. _____________________ As cell grows bigger demand on DNA “genetic library” becomes too.

CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & Reasons why cells divide 1. _____________________ As cell grows bigger demand on DNA “genetic library” becomes too.
Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.

Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.
Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.

Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.
Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.

Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.
THE CELLULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

THE CELLULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2. 2 Reasons why cells divide 1. _____________________ As cell grows bigger demand on DNA “genetic library” becomes too.

CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & Reasons why cells divide 1. _____________________ As cell grows bigger demand on DNA “genetic library” becomes too.
Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ________________ centromere The phase of the cell cycle in which.

Cell division Review. This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ________________ centromere The phase of the cell cycle in which.
CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & 10-2. Pre-assessment Quiz Cell Growth and Division.

CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-1 & Pre-assessment Quiz Cell Growth and Division.
Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.

Materials move through cells by diffusion. Oxygen and food move into cells, while waste products move out of cells. How does the size of a cell affect.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google