1. Human spermicidal activity of inorganic and organic oxidants
Terrence R Green, Ph.D., Jack H Fellman, Ph.D., Don P Wolf, Ph.D. 
Fertility and Sterility 
Volume 76, Issue 1, Pages (July 2001)
DOI: /S (01)

2. Figure 1
Dose and kinetic oxidative effect of PMS vs. xanthine + xanthine oxidase on sperm motility. Assays initiated with semen additions to test reactants were scored for motility. In the xanthine oxidase experiments, 200 μM of xanthine was included in reaction mixtures as substrate, and enzyme was added immediately before the addition of semen. Seminal counts ranged from 37 to 99 × 106 sperm/mL−1. All measurements reflect the average of triplicate determinations per data point. Time zero reflects the control motility that was stable over the duration of the intervals tracked. (▴), xanthine oxidase, 81 mU mL−1; (□), xanthine oxidase, 162 mU mL−1; (■), PMS, 85 μM; (○) PMS, 170 μM; and (♢), PMS, 340 μM.
Green. Human spermicidal activity. Fertil Steril 2001.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

3. Figure 2
Formation of I2-mediated spermicidal activity via GO/HPO enzyme action on glucose and iodide. Semen samples were scored for residual motility at 20 seconds after addition to test mixtures. Control: Semen was added to PBS, pH 7.4, and was assayed for motility as in Figure 1. Results are the average of duplicate determinations, ±1 SD, per reaction mixture of a single donor specimen run within approximately 1 to 2 hours of semen collection, but they reflect comparable results obtained on six separate donor specimens obtained on samples of four individual sperm donors. Complete: PBS made up in 11.6 mM glucose, 63 mM KI, 416 μg mL−1 GO and 17 μg mL−1 HPO (final concentrations). (Arrow indicates lack of motility in semen samples exposed to the complete reaction mixture.) −GO/HPO: Same as complete, excluding GO and HPO from reaction mixture. −GO: Complete minus GO. −HPO: Complete minus HPO. −I: Complete minus KI.
Green. Human spermicidal activity. Fertil Steril 2001.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /S (01) )