1. Genetics Vocabulary Review

2. Allele
The different forms of a gene.

3. Chromosomes
These carry genes that determine the sex of offspring as well as other traits; it is made up of DNA and protein

4. genes
instructions for an inherited trait; an organisms inherited combination of alleles; these are located on chromosomes

5. mutation
Changes in the DNA

6. DNA
The directions or blueprints of life; made up of subunits called nucleotides

7. heredity
the passing of traits from parents to offspring

8. genetics
the study of heredity

9. recessive
Kind of trait that seemed to vanish in the offspring produced in Mendel’s first experiment; the trait that seems to reappear in the second generation; usually indicated by a lower case letter

10. Punnett Square
A tool used to visualize all the possible combinations of alleles from parents

11. dominant
Kind of trait that always appeared in the offspring produced in Mendel’s first experiment; that trait that appears more often.

12. Genetic Engineering
Manipulating the genes within an organism.

13. heterozygous
The combination of two different alleles for an inherited trait

14. Selective breeding
When breeders mate organisms with desirable characteristics

15. homozygous
The combination of two of the same alleles for an inherited trait

16. phenotype
An organism’s inherited physical appearance

17. probability that mathematical chance that an event will occur
Ratio: 3:1 or percent: 75% or fraction 1/4