1. Summary of Points Made in the Is it Science Exercise

2. General
Assumptions: some correlation must exist between one observation and a result; believe that it is not coincidence; events are caused by something that we can immediately observe.
Logical fallacies (e.g treatment seemed to work, but getting better could have been due to different sources)
What is our definition of science? Organized understanding of the world. What otherqualifications must be met? Is religion a branch underneath science or totally distinct from it?

3. Herodotus
we could say its scientific, because he is making observations and forming hypothesis to explain a phenomena.
Uses logic: the sun is closer to the earth in winter, so it evaporates more of the water, then lets it go in summer when it gets further away
not theological, does not introduce gods to explain

4. Amos –not scientific
Observes of war, harvest, no rain - adding assumptions to explain these observations
Attempting to cite evidence to explain a cause and effect that is being observed; if not evidence than at least explanation to act as a reason for something happening
Introduction of divine belief does not automatically disqualify the excerpt from being scientific ???

5. Hippocratic School - not scientific
The author is making statements (i.e. words without evidence) qualifying different observations of the appearance of urine as indicating varying degrees of health or disease.
“When the urine is yellow and thin, it indicates that the disease is unconcocted”
Also “now whenever snow falls, it must of necessity rain in five days” (Herodotus)

6. Hippocratic School
Specific evidence is not provided to associate why certain characteristics are bad orgood, no cases studies are provided to support the statements being made
Some could argue that it is “partly” scientific because these observations are made in a setting reflecting some kind of process which doesn’t involve gods directly

7. Material Medica
It’s not “good” science. The assumptions are based off “daily experience,”which means they were observed. Obviously correlation isn’t causation, but Pliny the Elderassumes that through trial and error/one time observation these random objects could remedyillnesses. However, there is no testing of different remedies for each illness. They just assumethat one thing will fix an illness.

8. What Nicols Says
That gods are not introduced does not prove that the analysis is 'science' only that the author does not allow religion / the divine to be admitted as an explanation.  A non-theological system is then a pre-requisite to a scientific explanation.
The methods:
human reasoning rather than divine revelation, specifically humans collect data
they weigh / critique opinions that explain natural phenomena
such rational inquiry [considering different hypotheses] comes closer to the scientific method.
accurate observation may be the first step toward a scientific explanation, but even Amos observes nature as does astrology.
humans can and should observe but be ready to admit ignorance rather than to claim certain truth, which religion and astrology do not offer.
what kind of mechanism is proposed to explain anomaly? is it  a mechanism that relies on an unspecified connection between the celestial and the terrestrial?  
readiness to record / discuss / preserve alternative natural explanations is a hallmark of Greek scientific thinking, even if the explanations do not rise to the level of (modern understanding of natural events or of "science".
For a hypothesis to be considered valid, it must be consistent all all observed data. 
scientific thinking involves testing of hypotheses, hypotheses that assume that events are part of a natural whole, that there are patterns, and that humans can determine those patterns.