1. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for diagnosis and evaluation of recurrent intravenous leiomyomatosis before surgery 
Haiyuan Liu, M.D., Lingya Pan, M.D., Keng Shen, M.D., Jinghe Lang, M.D., Jie Shi, M.D., Quancai Cui, M.D., Hanzhong Li, M.D., Changwei Liu, M.D. 
Fertility and Sterility 
Volume 92, Issue 3, Pages (September 2009)
DOI: /j.fertnstert
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Intravenous leiomyoma extending from pelvic vein into the inferior vena cava.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Intravenous leiomyoma compressing the right ureter, causing hydronephrosis.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Inferior vena cava was exposed and intravenous leiomyoma (IVL) can be seen clearly. After blocking the blood, a vascular surgeon performed angiotomy and removed the IVL in the inferior vena cava.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
The uterus, bilateral adnexa, and intravenous leiomyoma extending into pelvic vein and inferior vena cava were totally removed. The pelvic mass grows from the uterus but has no clear borderline. It was removed together with the uterus and adnexa, causing much bleeding because it was intruding into the pelvic vein.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 5
Pathologic finding of the removed tumor showed that benign smooth muscle cells grew into the lumen of a vein.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions