1. MODULE 1 The Basics of Communication

2. Key Module Concepts
Identifying the three components of human communication
Understanding voice intonation and body language
Interpreting clues that an individual is lying
Recognizing types of lying and reasons for lying
Explaining methods of active listening
Comprehending the effects of cultural diversity on communication and detecting deception
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3. Words Are Not Enough
Only about 10% of communication involves the actual words people say
30% of communication is the way in which people say those words, called voice intonation
All the rest of our communication, about 60%, is done nonverbally, called body language
Listening skills help the listener to accurately interpret communication
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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4. Ask Yourself
Are there times you knew someone was lying to you? How did you know?
Are there times you knew someone was not listening to you? How did you know?
Can you tell when someone doesn’t really know what he or she is talking about, even though they claim they know? What told you they were uncertain?
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5. Detecting Deception Leakage:
Inconsistency between the spoken words and the voice intonation and body language of an individual – one of the clues they are being dishonest
Understanding voice intonation and body language will enable you to become a more effective communicator, particularly when questioning witnesses and suspects
Provides the foundation for determining when you are being lied to, called detecting deception
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

6. Voice Intonation Voice intonation:
The way words are spoken: fast, slow, loud, hesitant, or soft
The pitch of the voice when words are spoken
May vary in different geographic locations based on local accents, and will vary in persons for whom English is not their native language
More difficult to interpret without body language, as over the telephone or in the dark
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

7. Body Language Body language includes:
Eye contact, movements, and posture while speaking
Involuntary things the body does like sweat or blush
Is present even when the person is not speaking
Before body language can be interpreting, lying must be understood
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

8. Lying
The goal of interpreting nonverbal communication such as voice intonation and body language is to determine if someone is lying or trying to hide the truth
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

9. Ways People Lie Omission is leaving out part of the truth
Minimizing is downplaying the truth to hide the truth
Exaggerating the truth is blowing up a true part of the story
Denial is refusing to say anything other than denying knowledge of something when the person really does know something
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

10. Ways People Lie
Fabrication is making up a false story about something and is the easiest form of dishonesty to detect
Some people lie pathologically as a game or habit or due to mental illness
Some mentally ill people will tell the truth from their standpoint but it is clearly not true - as in the description of a hallucination
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

11. Why Do People Lie?
People lie for a variety of reasons. The most common reasons are the following:
To avoid punishment
To keep from being hurt
To intentionally hurt someone else
To gain something
To avoid embarrassment
To improve their image
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

12. Active Listening Listening is a key component in communication
Passive listening is the act of hearing the spoken words
Active listening is not the same as hearing, it is a skill that is learned (it does not come naturally) and includes the concepts of:
Attending (focusing on the spoken message)
Understanding
Remembering
Critical analysis
Responding
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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13. Active Listening
Active listening shows the speaker that you consider that person, and their input, to be important
Active listening means your complete focus is on the person who is speaking
You, the listener, face the speaker and make eye contact
Nodding and using facial expressions indicates you are listening and following the conversation
If more than one person is speaking, shift your focus and body toward each speaker when he talks
Make small acknowledging comments like, “Uh-huh,” “sure,” or “okay”
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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14. Active Listening Tactics
Mirroring
Reflecting
Paraphrasing
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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15. Cultural Diversity
Cultural diversity reflects the differences that people have based upon their background, upbringing, country of origin, and ethnicity
Cultural diversity must be considered when voice intonation and body language is studied, because culture has a large impact on how people speak and use their body language
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

16. Cultural Similarities and Differences
Cultural diversity impacts communication by differences in:
Gestures
Eye contact
Body space
Time and space relationships
The level of comfort with certain topics
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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17. Cultural Differences
Keep cultural differences in mind when interpreting body language and voice intonations
You must become familiar with a culture to really be able to interpret the body language and voice intonation of someone from that culture
You will be able to determine if the voice intonation and body language changes from a baseline in any culture, even if you are confused about the meaning of these changes
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
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18. Summary
Human communication is based on three factors: verbal communication, voice intonation and non-verbal communication.
There are a variety of reasons that people lie, and numerous ways for them to tell their lie.
Active listening is a key element in effec effective and respectful communication.
A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.
Copyright 2011 Curriculum Technology, LLC. All Rights Reserved.