1. 8.4 – NOTES Single Replacement

2. 1. Single replacement reactions.
For these we use the Activity Series - Atoms of a single element replace atoms of another element in a compound

3. Metal replacing a metal.
One metal will not always replace another metal
based on the reactivity of the metal
the most active metals are at the top of the list
a specific metal can replace any metal below it; NR = no reaction; reverse a reaction  NR
very useful in metallurgical processes; metals are solid at room temperature w/ exception of Hg

5. Metal replacing hydrogen in an acid
many metals will replace all of the H+ in an acid
reactions used to prepare H2 gas in the lab; acids are aqueous

6. Metal replacing hydrogen in water
all alkali metals and some alkaline earth (group I and heavy group II) will replace one hydrogen in water
Mg react with water if it is steam; Ca + 2H2O  Ca(OH)2 + H2 ; H2 is a gas when it is liberated
Example: Na + H2O  NaOH + H2

7. Nonmetal replacing a nonmetal – halogens only
similar to metal replacing a metal
more reactive halogen will replace less reactive halogen; F2, Cl2 are gases at room temperature, Br2 is a liquid; I2 is a solid;