1. “Total War”
A war in which every available weapon is used and the nation’s full financial resources are devoted.
The term has evolved in the 20th Century to include almost all aspects of a society.
The following slides explain aspects of total war.

2. Crimes Against Humanity
Includes crimes such as murder, extermination, enslavement, torture and any other inhumane act committed against civilians, in a widespread or systematic manner, whether or not the country is in a state of war, and regardless if the act is in violation of the territorial law in force at the time. The acts may have been committed by state officials or private individuals, and against their own nationals of other states.

3. War Crimes
Criminal Acts committed during international armed conflicts (war between states) and civil wars, which violate the rules of war as defined by international law. These acts include the ill-treatment of civilian populations within occupied territories, the violation and exploitation of individuals and private property, and the torture and execution of prisoners.

4. Genocide
The deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, whether committed in times of peace or in times of war, by state officials or private individuals.

5. Mobilization of Human & Industrial Resources
Material superiority of the Allies was a result of converting the world’s largest industrial economy to mass production of weapons & war equipment
Whole societies worked for the war effort: recycling, reducing, Victory Bonds
Full employment; ingenuity; ‘can do’
Ability of Allies to defeat the Germans in the Battle of the Atlantic kept lines open

7. Role of Women

8. Rosie the Riveter Poster, produced by Westinghouse for the War Production, created by J. Howard Miller. Image courtesy of US National Archives. Modifications © Jone Lewis 2001.

15. "Finding a place to live in Toronto is next to impossible but finding a wartime job is not hard. If I'd taken a course in welding or riveting I'd make more than the twenty-five dollars a week I'm offered for work in the blueprint office at John Inglis, a lakeshore plant that has gone into ammunitions. An apartment is out of the question &-- no one wants two children." - Gwen Lambton. Oct. 29, ("War Work in Toronto" in The Memory of All That ed. Ruth Latta) (Source: Valour and Horror)

16. Conditions in Occupied Countries
Nazis in Soviet Union
rounded up and murdered Communists & Jews by the thousands by killing squads
Jews sent to camps
declared war of annihilation (wipe out/ruin)
Prisoners of war were mistreated
As Germans retreated at the end of the war they burned buildings & crops (scorched earth tactics)
People lived in constant fear

17. Conditions in Occupied Countries
Japanese in Asia
Citizens massacred in China, in Manila, and in Singapore
Used biological warfare-- caused many deaths (bubonic plague, cholera)
Preventable famine in Vietnam & Indonesia (people made to work on farms but couldn’t keep what they produced)
Civilians homes were looted
Comfort women
terror

18. Propaganda
Artist: McClelland Barclay
Year: 1942
For: Navy Recruiting Bureau

19. Artist: Vanderlaan
Year: Unknown
For: Douglas Aircraft Company

20. Artist: Wesley
Year: 1943
For: Office of War Information

21. Mass Communication Media used to ‘put out the word’
Doctoring of the message; appeals to emotion
Painting enemy as ‘sub-human’; blaming