1. Warm-Up What is a chemical reaction?
List the 5 types of chemical reactions.

2. Chemical Reactions

3. What is a Chemical Reaction?
Scientific Definition: A process in which physical and chemical properties of the original substance change as existing bonds are broken and new bonds are formed, producing new substances with different physical and chemical properties.
Simple Definition: A process that forms one or more new substances

4. Evidence of Chemical Reactions
Change in temperature
Unexpected change in color
Change in odor
Formation of a precipitate
Formation of a gas

5. Chemical Equation Vocab
Reactant – substance that is consumed
Product – substance that is formed
Catalyst – substance that speeds up a reaction, but is NOT consumed
Coefficient – number that shows how many molecules of a substance are consumed or produced
Physical State – symbol showing the state of matter of each substance in the reaction
(s) = solid
(l) = liquid
(g) = gas
(aq) = aqueous (dissolved in water)

6. Chemical Equations

7. Chemical Equations Word Equations: Formula Equations:
Calcium metal reacts with oxygen gas to form calcium oxide.
Water decomposes into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
Formula Equations:
2 Ca (s) + O2 (g)  2 CaO (s)
2 H2O (l)  2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)

8. Synthesis 2 or more reactants form one product
2 Na (s) + Cl2 (g)  2 NaCl (s)
CaO (s) + H2O (l)  Ca(OH)2 (aq)
CO2 (g) + H2O (l)  H2CO3 (aq)

9. Decomposition One reactant forms 2 or more products
2 KCl (s)  2 K (s) + Cl2 (g)
CaCO3 (s)  CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
2 NaHCO3 (s)  Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
2 KOH (s)  K2O (s) + H2O (l)
2 NaClO3 (s)  2 NaCl (s) + 3 O2 (g)
H2CO3 (aq)  CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

10. Single Replacement
An element and a compound react to form a different element and compound
Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq)  ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
2 Li (s) + 2 H2O (l)  2 LiOH (aq) + H2(g)
Zn (s) + 2 HCl (aq)  ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
2 NaBr (aq) + Cl2 (g)  2 NaCl (s) + Br2 (g)

11. Double Replacement 2 compounds react to form 2 different compounds
CaCl2 (aq) + 2 AgNO3(aq)  Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 AgCl (s)
HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

12. Combustion
A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen producing carbon dioxide, water vapor, and heat.
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g)
C2H5OH (g) + 3 O2 (g)  2 CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (g)

13. Warm-up
Who proved the Law of Conservation of Matter and what does it say? How do you show this in a chemical reaction? *Get out your Writing Chemical Equations HW (STAMP!) Announcements: *Quiz Grades-In Power School….what you heard is true. Balancing Reactions Quiz this Friday will replace your Nomenclature Quiz IF you do better! 

14. Balancing Reactions