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Government and the State
Unit One Week One
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What would life be like without government?
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Thomas Hobbes, a 19th Century English philosopher, talks about what life would be like without government, This inevitably leads to conflict, a "war of all against all" and thus lives that are "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short".
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Government What is Government?
-The institution where society makes and enforces public polices. What are public polices? -Everything a government decides to do
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Basic powers of Government
1. Legislative-makes the laws 2. Executive-enforces the laws 3. Judicial- interpret the laws Constitution -body of fundamental laws
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Examples of governments
Dictators Power in the hands of a single person or small group.
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Democracy Authority rests with the people
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Characteristics of a State
What is a state? People living in a territory with power to make and enforce laws 4 characteristics population government territory sovereignty-supreme power to rule
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The origin of the State The force theory- A stronger group forced their control over a weaker group.
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The Evolutionary theory-
The state developed out of the early family
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Divine Right theory- God created the state and granted kings the right to rule
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The Social Contract- The people voluntarily give up unlimited freedom in exchange for the protection of the state.
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The Purpose of Government
Form a more perfect union Establish justice Insure domestic tranquility Provide for the common defense Where are these statements from?
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