1. Ch 4.3
Amending The “C”

2. ???
Which Article of the “C” allows for amending or being able to make changes to the “C”?

3. The “C”
Flexible
Allows for changes in society

4. Amendments
Formal Changes

5. Amendment Necessary Not easy 11,000 introduced in Congress
33 sent to states to be ratified
27 actually ratified

6. Article V
2 step process
Can be ratified 4 ways
Page 63

7. Reality Only 1 method used for ratification EXCEPT ONE TIME
Exception = 21st “A”

8. MOST
After congress approves the “A” it is sent to the states for ratification (approval)
¾ of the states must ratify
State Legislatures ratify

9. 21st ???? Used the Special Convention Method
Why? Needed support from people

10. ???? Does the President have any power in the “A” process? Not really
He can support or oppose but cannot pass or block

11. That means…..
The power lies with Congress and the States

12. Equal Representation Article V Number in Senate can’t be changed
Always 2 from each state

13. Bill of Rights First 10 Amendments Proposed by Congress 1789
Ratified by States 1791

14. B of R
Rights listed….. outline the freedoms guaranteed to the people and the states

15. 1st
Basic Freedoms
Religion
Speech
Press
Assembly
Petition

16. 2nd
Right to bear arms
You can own a gun BUT government can regulate

17. 3rd
Soldiers can not live in your house during peacetime
(outdated)

18. 4th Prevents unreasonable search & seizure
Police have no right to search or seize property without just cause

19. 5th Rights of the Accused Outlines Due Process
Rights of those accused of a crime
Eminent Domain

20. 6th Right to a fair trial Fair, speedy, public trial Jury Witnesses
Attorney

21. 7th Civil trials Right to jury in civil case
Civil case = no criminal conduct

22. 8th
Bans excessive bail
Bans cruel & unusual punishment

23. 9th Rights retained by the people
Guarantees other rights not listed in the “C”
(privacy)

24. 10th
States Rights
Reserves power for the States that are not specifically given to the national government
(schools, state tax, licensing)

25. #11-27 Define powers of government
Changes to elections / government officials
Reflection of social values
Expanded voting rights
Page 65

26. Check 4.3 What are Amendments 1-10 called? Who proposes the “A”?
Who ratifies the “A”?
What does ratify mean?
Why was the state convention method used for ratification for the 21st “A”?
All other “A” have been ratified by which method?