1. Chapter 6
Objectives
Convert among fractions, decimal numbers, ratios, and percents
Learn the relationships among fractions, decimal numbers, ratios, and percents
Use ratio to convert between units of measure

2. Combined Applications
Health care workers rely on a variety of math systems to achieve their daily tasks. Knowing different ways to convert efficiently among math systems will benefit students on the job as their expertise grows and their level of responsibility increases. It is thus important for learners to have the ability to convert among fractions, decimals, ratios, and percents. Previous units reviewed each of these skills separately; this unit brings them together to help students develop some strategies for performing these conversions in the most efficient way.
In health care situations, students often have to convert among systems. Sometimes they’ll need to convert fractions to decimals. For example, a person’s weight might be recorded as pounds, and the health care worker will need to convert that to a decimal, which is Another example is seen in insurance, when a patient’s portion of a bill is 20% of 1, We need to explain that 20% actually means that the patient must pay $ of the bill. Thus, we have used the percent formula to move from percentage to dollars. People understand dollars and cents; percentages of a bill are more difficult to comprehend. A third example is that of a patient who must have a 4-to-1 mix of medication and a substance such as juice or applesauce. The ratio will need to be converted to another measure such as teaspoons. Knowing how to convert measurements can expedite students’ math-processing time on the job.
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3. Combined Applications
Page 146
Combined Applications
Health care workers rely on a variety of math systems to achieve their daily tasks.
Knowing different ways to convert efficiently among math systems will benefit you on the job as your expertise grows and your level of responsibility increases.
It is important to have the ability to convert between fractions, decimals, ratios, & percents.
Previous units reviewed each of these skills separately; this unit brings them together to help you develop some strategies for performing these conversions in the most efficient way.

4. Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent
Page 148
Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent
Conversion
Fraction to decimal
Decimal to fraction
Method/Formula
Divide the denominator into the numerator
Count the decimal places, place the number over 1 with zeros to match the same number of decimal places.
Proceed to next slide

5. Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Page 148
Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Conversion
Proper fraction to ratio, ratio to proper fraction
Method/Formula
Ratios are shown with : instead of /. Fractions and ratios are interchangeable simply by changing the symbol.
The first ratio number is always the numerator and the second ratio number is always the denominator. All fractions and ratios must be in the lowest term.
Proceed to next slide

6. Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Pages 148 – 149
Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Conversion
Mixed number to ratio, ratio to mix number
Method/Formula
If the fraction is a mixed number, the mixed number first must be made into an improper fraction before setting up the ratio.
If the ratio is an improper fraction when the conversion is made, make it a mixed number.
Proceed to next slide

7. Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Page 149
Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Method/Formula
Move the decimal point two places to he right. Add the percent sign.
Move the decimal point two places to the left. Add zeros if needed as placeholders.
Conversion
Decimal to percent
Percent to decimal
Proceed to next slide

8. Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Page 149
Conversions among Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percent (Cont’d)
Conversion
Fraction to percent
Decimal to ratio
Method/Formula
Convert fraction to decimal, then to percent.
Convert decimal to fraction, then change the sign to a colon
Proceed to next slide

9. Converting to Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percents
Page 150
Converting to Fractions, Decimals, Ratios, and Percents
Suggested order of operations
If starting with percent, move from → decimal → fraction → ratio.
If starting with ratio, move from → fraction → decimal → percent.
If starting with fraction, move from → ratio → decimal → percent.
If starting with decimal, move from → percent → fraction → ratio.
Example – page 151 – practice 1: 1 & 2
Group Work – page 151 – practice 1: rest

10. Using Combined Applications in Measurement Conversion
Page 152
Using Combined Applications in Measurement Conversion
You will used three systems of measure in your work: household (standard measurement), metric measurement, and apothecary measurement.
Critical to your success in measurement conversion is your ability to remember a few key conversions and the proportion method for solving conversions. (metric → metric uses a different conversion method covered in unit 8)
In health care, a solid working knowledge of weights & measures is essential.

11. Household (Standard) Measurement
Page 152
Household (Standard) Measurement
Although Household (standard) measurements are used by all of us in our daily activities, they tend to be less accurate than either metric or apothecary measures. This means that household measures are used for the less critical measurements in health care, such as mixing a solution for a client’s foot soak, etc.
Most households use the measures of teaspoon (t or tsp), tablespoon (T or tbsp), cup (c), and so on.
Example – page – practice 2 go over together
Group Work – none

12. Standard Unit of Measure
Page 153
Standard Unit of Measure
The basics of standard measure conversions were covered in Unit 4.
Take note of the table on this page you will be referencing it a lot.
Example – page – practice 3: even
Group Work – page – practice 3: odd

13. More Combined Applications
Page 155
More Combined Applications
Sometimes measurement conversions require more than one conversion to get to the answer.
These problems cannot be solved by making a straight conversion from what is known to what is unknown. A path must be developed so that you can establish how to get the answer. Think about what conversions most closely match the problem itself, then set up the problem.
Do not rush through the two-step conversions. These require some forethought about how to get from what is known to what is unknown.
Example – page – practice 4-5: even
Group Work – page – practice 4-5: odd
page 158 on board