1. What are some ways a country can become more powerful?
Nationalism in Europe
Nationalism is the loyalty and devotion to ones’ state (real or imagined).
What are some ways a country can become more powerful?

2. Nationalism in Germany
19th century Nationalism in Europe changed the political landscape.
There was no Germany, but several disunited German speaking states.
Otto von Bismarck of Prussia with his goals of strengthening the Royal family of Prussia will unite the German speaking states through “Blood and Iron.”
Junker—High Land owning family (noble)
Shrewd politician.
Otto von Bismarck

3. Blood and Iron
By defeating Denmark, Prussia “liberated” German speaking territories
Defeating the Austrians in the Austro-Prussian War, annexes remaining northern German states
Prussia will defeat the French in the Franco Prussian war and conquer the territory known as the Alsace Lorraine (Rhineland)

6. Unification of Germany
The Second Reich—German Empire is born, through “blood and iron.”
Wilhelm I of Prussia will becomes the Kaiser, the first German Emperor
Otto von Bismarck will become the first Chancellor of Germany.
Germany established an authoritarian government, in which the Kaiser had majority of the power
After the Success of the Franco Prussian War, The German States agreed to unify under the leadership of Prussia.
German empires absolutely hated liberalism. Believed the democratic systems made the nations weak. And democratization was suppressed.
Kaiser Wilhelm I

7. Nationalism in Italy
Congress of Vienna denied unification – establishes Austrian leaders in North and French in the south
Nationalist societies in Italy opposed foreign control
Series of wars and revolutions will unify Italy

8. Nationalism in Italy Cavour – Prime Minister of Sardinia
Enters secret alliance with France in case of war with Austria
Provokes Franco-Austrian war to annex Lombardy
Sardinia controls most of Northern Italy
Revolutions under Garibaldi control Southern Italy
King Emmanuel II of Sardinia elected King of the Unified Italy!
Carmillo Benso Cavour
king Emmanuel ii italy

9. Austria-Hungary
Ruled by the Hapsburg Monarchy. It was called the Dual Monarchy because the King of Austria also rulled Territories of Hungary

10. Franz Josef, Emperor of Austria Hungary
Austria Hungary was a multiethnic empire and it controlled territories in Eastern Europe.
The empire had over 20 Nationalities
Rule by a German population (35%)
However, Slavic groups together made up the majority (45%)
Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Bosniaks, and Serbs
Ruled by the Hapsburg Monarchy. It was called the Dual Monarchy because the King of Austria also rulled Territories of Hungary
Franz Josef, Emperor of Austria Hungary

11. Austria-Hungary Nationalism was the biggest threat to the empire.
German and Italian nationalism led to wars and loss of the territories
The Austrian government suppressed any nationalist sentiments in the empire
Little or no political representation
history and language of the people were not recognized
This suppression led to a lot of hostility towards the different minority groups against the government.
Especially in the region known as the Balkans
Ruled by the Hapsburg Monarchy. It was called the Dual Monarchy because the King of Austria also rulled Territories of Hungary

12. What do you see? What is going on in the picture?
What is the main message of the political cartoon?