1. Macromolecule Notes
Biology Notes
SB1c

2. Macromolecule Notes
Macromolecules are large carbon based molecules needed by living organisms to help maintain homeostasis (internal balance).
There are four types of macromolecules:
Carbohydrates (Sugars)
Lipids (Fats)
Proteins (Enzymes)
Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA)

3. Macromolecule Notes
All of the macromolecules contain carbon. Carbon is the basis of all life as we know it.
In fact, the term “organic” in science is in regards to the element carbon.
Carbon can form a variety of chemical bonds with other elements (H, N, O, P, & S) and other carbon atoms.

6. Macromolecules Functions Monomers (Lego block) Polymers Examples
Carbohydrates
Provide quick energy. Organisms first energy source
These are your sugars
Glucose, monosaccharide.
(Single sugar)
Glycogen, cellulose, starch,
polysaccharide
Sugar, rice, breads, syrups, candies, soda, cookies, cakes, flour, potatoes
Lipids
Long term energy storage. They also make up the cell membrane of all cells
Fatty acid, glycerol
Fats, oils, and waxes
Saturated & unsaturated fats, oils, waxes, act as a insulator (warmth)
Proteins
Structural molecules, used for growth and repair. They are also enzymes.
Amino acids
Enzymes, polypeptide chain
Aids in bodily functions, meats, enzyme activity, hair, nails, transportation, communication,
Nucleic Acids
Store and transmit genetic information
Nucleotides
P- Phosphate
B-Base
S- Sugar
DNA/RNA
DNA, RNA

7. Macromolecule Sketch: Carbohydrate

8. Macromolecule Sketch: Fatty Acid

9. Macromolecule Sketch: Amino Acid

10. Macromolecule Sketch: Nucleotide