1. Key Ch. 4 Vocabulary

2. The constitutional and other legal protections against government actions which are set down in the Bill of Rights.
Civil Liberties

3. Incorporation Doctrine
The legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of it applicable to the states through the 14th Amendment. Which SCOTUS case was the first to apply the Bill of Rights to the states?
Incorporation Doctrine

4. Communication in the form of advertising which can be restricted more than other types of speech.
Commercial Speech

5. Non-Verbal speech such as burning a flag (1989 Texas v
Non-Verbal speech such as burning a flag (1989 Texas v. Johnson) or wearing an armband (1969 Tinker v. Des Moines). The Supreme Court has ruled that such speech is protected by the 1st Amendment.
Symbolic Speech

6. Which Landmark SCOTUS Case ruled that the Bill of Rights did not apply to the states?
Barron vs. Baltimore, 1833

7. Government actions that prevent material from being published
Government actions that prevent material from being published. It is usually prohibited by the 1st Amendment as confirmed by Near v. Minnesota, 1931.
Prior Restraint

8. 4th Amendment, Mapp vs. Ohio, 1961
Which Amendment addresses the Exclusionary Rule? Which Supreme Court Case incorporated it to the states?
4th Amendment, Mapp vs. Ohio, 1961

9. Which Landmark SCOTUS Case involved the Establishment Clause and eliminated school prayer?
Engle vs. Vitale, 1962

10. The right to a personal life free from the intrusion of government
The right to a personal life free from the intrusion of government. It is not in the Constitution, but the 9th Amendment allows people to claim these rights.
Right to Privacy

11. Being a witness against yourself
Being a witness against yourself. The 5th Amendment prohibits involuntary self-incrimination.
Self-Incrimination

12. Equal Protection Clause
Part of the 14th Amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide “equivalent protection” to all people.
Equal Protection Clause

13. Reasonable grounds for believing that a person is guilty of a crime
Reasonable grounds for believing that a person is guilty of a crime. In order to make an arrest, a police office must have this.
Probable Cause