1. Biology EOC Review:
Unit 3
The Cell

2. Key Concepts: Cell Theory
Things to Remember:
Theories are explanations and laws are descriptions
Cell Theory has three parts
Cells are the basic unit of life.
All living things are made of cells.
Cells can only come from other cells.

3. Key Concepts: Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
Things to Remember:
Prokaryotic cells do NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Remember, PRO = NO!
Eukaryotic cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Remember, EU = DO!

4. Key Concepts: Organelles
Things to Remember:
Cells have small internal parts that do specific jobs. They are called ORGANELLES.
Examples of organelles are the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum.
It is important to remember the job each organelle does! MAKE FLASHCARDS!!!

5. Key Concepts: Organelles
Function
Plant Cell, Animal Cell, or Both
Cytoskeleton
The framework of the cell, provides shape, support, and structure
Both
Nucleus
Stores and protects the DNA
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Produces proteins and other molecules
Ribosomes
Links amino acids together to form proteins
Golgi apparatus
Changes and packages proteins, then transports them to different places in the cell
Vesicles
Small sacs that carry different molecules
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell; produced chemical energy (ATP) usable by the cell via cellular respiration
Vacuoles
Sacs of fluid that store materials in the cell
Both (Central vacuole is plants only)
Lysosomes
Contains enzymes, protects a cell by attacking incoming bacteria, and breaks down old cell parts
Animal
Cell Wall
A strong, rigid layer that protects the cell
Plant
Chloroplasts
Carries out photosynthesis
Cell Membrane
Thin layer that separates the inside of the cell from the outside of the cell, controls what goes in and out of the cell.

6. Key Concepts: Organelles
Things to Remember:
The CELL MEMBRANE is made up of phospholipids.
It has protein channels that allow big molecules to pass through.
Things can enter 1 of 2 ways:
Passive transport – does not use energy (from high to low)
Active transport – does use energy (from low to high)

7. Key Concepts: Cell Functions
Things to Remember:
Cells get energy through either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
Plants do both processes.
Animals only do cellular respiration.
Photosynthesis:
6CO2 + 6 H20 + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2  ATP + 6H20 + 6CO2
The products of one are the reactants of the other.

8. Key Concepts: Cell Division
Things to Remember:
All cells come from other cells.
2 identical body cells are produced by mitosis.
4 unique sex cells are produced by meiosis.
Mitosis has 4 steps – remember PMAT!

9. More Review Visual and Auditory Learner (Learn by Watching/Listening):
Our Favorite Cell Video: Inside the Cell
YouTube: Structure of Cells
YouTube: Amoeba Sisters – Mitosis
YouTube: Amoeba Sisters – Photosynthesis
YouTube: Amoeba Sisters – Cellular Respiration
Kinesthetic Learners (Learn by Doing):
Anatomy of a Cell Interactive
Cell Organelle Memory Match