1. Textiles and fashion-what are YOU wearing today?
Chapter 6
Textiles and fashion-what are YOU wearing today?

2. cotton Comfortable Absorbent Washable Strong Easy to handle
Inexpensive
But….shrinks, wrinkles, weakened easily by perspiration, sun, mildew
Multiple uses

3. Linen – from Flax Oldest known fiber
Used for bedding- that’s why towels, sheets, etc. called “linens”
Strong, comfortable, durable
Lint free
But wrinkles easily, expensive, shrinks easily, ravels, shines if ironed
Used for: apparel, home furnishings

4. Wool- Australia is main producer
Huge demand
Virgin wool is new wool—not recycled
Warm lightweight, wrinkle resistant, easy to tailor
Affected by moths, shrinks, needs special care, scratchy
Makes sweaters, jackets, and home furnishings

5. But it’s expensive, needs special care, stains with water
Silk – silkworms spin cocoons, which are silk envelopes for the silkworm—one blouse uses about 500 cocoons
Soft, drapes well, strong, lightweight, resists soil, mildew, comfortable.
But it’s expensive, needs special care, stains with water
Used for evening gowns, scarves, suits, curtains, drapery

6. Leather, suede (specially processed), fur,(soft, hairy coat of an animal)
Animal hides or skins. From cows, sheep, goats, reptiles.
Durable, strong, flexible, comfortable, warm,
But scarce and expensive
Used for coats, handbags, gloves, belts,
Some consumer groups prohibit

7. Manufactured fibers From plant substance or chemical
Less expensive than natural fibers
Now used in about ¾ of american textile mills

8. rayon
1894
Used in WWI for industry1920 experiments led to crepe, velvet, and satin fabrics
Soft, comfortable, durable, absorbent, no static, inexpensive, colorfast
But wrinkles easily, heat sensitive, stretches, shrinks
Used for some clothing and home furnishings, may have to be drycleaned

9. Other fibers
Acetate-luxurious feel, used for coat linings too, requires dry cleaning, dissolved by nail polish remover
Nylon – 1938 by DuPont—first synthetic fiber—completely-insulating properties

10. Cont’d Acrylic – resembles wool Created by Dupont in 1950
Makes year round sweaters and socks
Soft, warm, machine washable, retains shape
But develops static, is weak
Used for sweaters, sportswear, neckties, upholstery, outdoor furniture, rugs

11. polyester Developed late 1950’s
Most widely sold in the world and most used in fashion production.
Consumers grew tired of it. It has been reworked and blended.
Strong, crisp, washable, quick drying, elasticity, but static.
Used for perma press, insulation, home furnishings, and fleece wear.

12. spandex 1959 – Dupont looking for substitute for rubber.
This finding changed the swimwear and underwear industry. Can stretch 500% without breaking. Brand name is Lycra.

13. Microfibers
Ultrafine manufactured fibers and refers to ultra fine manufactured fibers
Developed in 1989 by Dupont
Extra fine fibers, 2x finer than silk, 100x finer than human hair.
Cannot be penetrated by wind, rain, or cold.
Is soft, shrink resistant, strong, but heat sensitive. Makes hosiery, swimwear, rainwear

14. Lycocell- Made with wood pulp
Chemicals used are recycled and this fiber is biodegradable.
Environmentally friendly
Makes reusable non-woven materials
Soft denims, and shirts

15. Fiber trade associations
Cotton Incorporated
National Cotton Council
Woolmark Americas, Inc
Mohair Council of America

16. Make fibers into fabrics? Weave and knit—two methods
Weave – two sets of yarns
Different directions
Knits – one set of yarns
Run in the same direction

17. Informative sentence poster
Impact of the cotton gin – and where cotton is grown
Research the flax plant, where grown, how harvested, and the process
How to produce virgin reclaimed wool-and uses
Life of a silkworm and uses of silk
Cleaning products used to remove spots on cotton, linen, wool, and silk
Process to make leather & suede
Consumer groups that dislike using leather and fur
Invention of nylon stockings
Why is polyester the most used—examples-& how made
How it’s made and why spandex is used in athletic apparel
Research the Dupont corporation, products, outreach programs
Production of environmentally friendly materials-what companies
History/timeline of textile industry
Cotton Incorporated – marketing “fabric of our lives”