1. Long-lasting protection against nasal challenge with influenza virus 252 d after a single DNA vaccination.
Long-lasting protection against nasal challenge with influenza virus 252 d after a single DNA vaccination. (A) Mice were vaccinated i.m. with 25 μg DNA in each quadriceps and 252 d later challenged with 5xLD50 of influenza virus A (PR8/H1N1, n = 6 per group). Weight was monitored for 10 d. Weight loss of 20% was defined as humane endpoint (* p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, two-way ANOVA). For reasons of clarity only some groups are shown, see (B) for all groups. (B) The % body weight on day 6 for all the different groups. The results were analyzed with Mann–Whitney two-tailed t test, where *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < compared with the nontargeted αNIP-HA vaccine. (C) Mean weight on day 6 versus % survival after challenge with influenza A (PR8/H1N1). Correlation analyzed using Pearson correlation two-tailed test. Color-coding as in Fig. 3.
Ranveig Braathen et al. ImmunoHorizons 2018;2:38-53
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