1. Imperialism

2. Imperialism
Imperialism- is the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, and military control over weaker territories
Why?
Global Competition- keeping up with other countries trade and to compete military
Desire for Military Strength
Need for new markets
Belief in cultural superiority

3. Global Competition
European nations had been taking over other nations in Africa and Asia for centuries
US could only compete in China/ Japan

4. Desire for Military Strength
Led by Alfred T. Mahan- asked for a navy made out of steel
Why?
Transformed the navy into one of the strongest navies in the world.

5. Thirst for New Markets Wanted to incorporate more trading partners
Japan bought raw materials (iron, fuel, etc.)
China was forced to buy other products to help US out of an economic depression.

6. Belief in Cultural Superiority
US believed in White Man’s Burden
The idea to spread culture throughout the world and to ensure the spread of Christianity.

7. Expansion First purchase was by William Seward
Bought Alaska for $7.2 million dollars in 1867
Was made fun of because of the purchase
Alaska was called Frigidia, Walrussia, Seward’s Icebox
Yielded oil and gold which would sustain the US for years to come
1959, Alaska became the 49th state

8. Expansion
1820’s, Christian missionaries invaded and created schools and churches
Those early Christians became sugar planters and sold to the US
1887, Pearl Harbor was taken over by US to refuel ships to get to Asia
Queen Liliuokalani took over and wanted to return the land to Hawaiians
Sanford B. Dole and Americans revolted and captured Queen Liliuokalani.
Forced her to sign over Hawaii to the Americans
1959, Hawaii became the 50th state.

9. Spanish-American War War lasted for one year in 1898.
Three Causes of the Spanish-American War
1. Yellow Journalism- Exaggerated Stories
2. De Lome Letter- letter made by the Ambassador of Spain saying McKinley was weak.
3. Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine

10. Yellow Journalism
Valeriano Weyler was sent to Cuba to force the Cubans back under Spanish rule
William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer created stories to get sympathy for Cubans.
Stories were Yellow Journalism in that they were exaggerated.

11. De Lome Letter President McKinley was in office in 1897
Ambassador to the United States De Lome said that McKinley was a weak leader.
McKinley called for the ambassador to be removed

12. U.S.S. Maine U.S.S. Maine was sent to Cuba to remove US civilians.
On February 15, 1898, ship unexplainably blew up.
Yellow Journalists claimed that Spain had an underwater mine.

13. War in the Philippines
George Dewey attacked at Manila Bay and crushed the Spanish fleet
US easily destroyed Spanish in Philippines
Aided by Emilio Aguinaldo
Aguinaldo was upset when the US did not free the Philippines and started a war for independence
July 4, 1946 Philippines were finally freed

14. War in Cuba Cuba was surrounded by American navy
Group of fighters known as the Rough Riders were the major fighting force
Led by Theodore Roosevelt and Leonard Wood and fought at San Juan Hill

15. Treaty of Paris - 1898 Treaty was discussed in Paris in1898
US received: Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines
US paid $20 million to acquire new lands
Anti-Imperialist League- was against taking over new land; went against the Declaration of Independence

16. Political Cartoons

17. Political Cartoons

18. 18.30 Acquiring New Lands Puerto Rico Military took over Puerto Rico
Foraker Act – set up a government in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico is a territory of the US

19. Cuba- Fair Deal? Teller Amendment- US promised not to keep Cuba
US soldiers took over the island and helped set up a government
Many businesses got into Cuba and took over the sugar business
Cuba was freed as long as it agreed to the
Platt Amendment:
Cuba could not make treaties that limited its independence
US could intervene in Cuba
Cuba was not to go into debt
US could buy or lease land on the island whenever it wanted
Became a protectorate of the US

20. China and the Open Door Notes
US needed to keep up with other countries in Asia
U.S. Secretary of State John Hay opened up China
Created the Open Door Notes which allowed trade
China tried to kick all foreigners out with the Boxer Rebellion