1. Imperialism
Chapters 14 and 15

2. Asia

3. WHY did imperialism become popular?
Looking for raw materials (rubber, oil, tin, etc.)
Wanted a market for Western manufactured goods
Wanted dominance over other countries
National prestige (makes their country look good)

4. Where did it become popular?
Great Britain
Island of Singapore: stopping point going to or from China
Burma: GB wanted control of Burma to protect colonies in nearby India
Caused Burma’s monarchy to fall

5. Where did it become popular?
France
Made Vietnam a protectorate in 1884
Took over Cambodia, Annam, Tonkin, and Loas

6. Where did it become popular?
The United States
Freed Philippines from Spain, but then took control

7. How were Colonies led? Indirect Rule Direct Rule
Original leader in place
Hands off approach
Lowered cost of government
EXAMPLE: Dutch East Indies
Mother country sends in leaders
Costs more because officials have to be paid
EXAMPLE: Burma

8. Resistance Comes from existing ruling class Sometimes peasant revolts
Early attempts failed – led to new try related to nationalism
Movements of westernized intellectuals in cities
People who grew up under western rule and were educated

9. Africa

10. Issues in West Africa Great Britain is going to
annex the western coastal states as the Gold Coast
Establish a protectorate over Nigeria
France controls
Togo, Cameroon, German Southwest Africa, and German East Africa

11. The fight over Egypt
Suez Canal is opened in – Britain takes interest in the area because of this.
Egypt becomes British protectorate in after brief revolt.

12. Issues in North Africa Great Britain is going to France has
seize control of the Sudan in 1898
France has
Algeria
Protectorate over Tunisia
Morocco
Italy tried to take over Ethiopia but were defeated in revolt.

13. Issues in South Africa
Area has a large group of whites – called the Boers, settled in “Cape Colony”
Boers did not like British rule – eventually led to a war between the two groups.
Britain ends up winning because they have a larger army.
1910 Britain creates Union of South Africa

14. Colonial rule
Most countries took an INDIRECT approach (i.e. Great Britain)
This does not disrupt local customs and institutions.
Those leaders did not have true control. They were told what to do by their Mother country.
Kept African elite in power
Led to class and tribal tensions
Some took a DIRECT approach (i.e. France)
Led by an official from the mother country; natives were allowed to take part in government
Goal was to ASSIMILATE natives into mother country’s culture rather than preserve their traditions.