1. The scramble for Africa

2. Learning objective
Students will be able describe how the rise of imperialism led to the colonization of Africa by Europe.

3. If you could pick a world territory where would you choose?
Natural Resources, gold, silver, natural gas
Natural resources, diamonds
OIL
Natural resources, coal, iron, minerals
Strategic location, good agriculture
Natural resources, stones, spices, and consumers
Strategic location to cut through Americas
Natural resources, timber and rubber

4. Before dominance Divided by 100s of ethnic & linguistic groups
Spoke more than 1,000 different languages
Politically ranged from large empire that were united by many ethnic groups to independent villages
Diseases
Geographically: Problem because hard to navigate waterways
Controlled their own trade networks

5. Europeans saw Africa as an unoccupied land waiting to be taken
Africa was viewed as . . .
Europeans saw Africa as an unoccupied land waiting to be taken

6. Factors promoting imperialism
Technological superiority
Maxim Gun – 1st Automatic machine gun
New inventions such as steam engine & railroads
Set-up bases of control
New drugs to fight off diseases
Variety of languages, cultures & fight over land, water & trade routes discouraged unity within
Discoveries of Gold/Diamonds in South Africa & abundance of tin copper made Africa more desirable and no one wanted to be left out.

7. A couple of things happened
Berlin Conferences – Divides Africa
Africans did not start buying the manufactured goods
Ton of natural resources found
Development of Cash-crop
Boer War
Cape of Good Hope settled by Dutch farmers to establish a way station
Discovery of Gold and Diamonds made the area really popular
1st modern total war
Won by Great Britain
Self Government – Controlled by the British
Result: Signaled a change in the life of Africans. Europeans made efforts to change the political, social, & economic lives of the people the captured.

8. African resistance
All attempts to resist European control failed except for Ethiopia & Liberia
Why do you think that?
Largely due to Modern technology , weapons, exploitation in the case of Ethiopia, she stock piled weapons to be used for the case that will have the chance to defeat Europe

9. Legacy of colonial rule
Positive Effects
Negative effects
Colonialism reduces local fighting
Sanitation improves, hospitals & schools were created
Technology brings economic growth
Large portions of land was taken. No land left that belonged to native Africans
Splitting ethnic groups or combining of enemy groups
Deaths from foreign diseases
Social division
Countries are left underdeveloped
Destruction of traditional culture
Result after World War II, power vacuum. Many African countries replaced by home- grown dictators

10. Map Exercise Once completed:
Directions:
Color the different European colonies within Africa
Label: Cape of Good Hope, South African, Congo River
Then
On the back, respond to the following questions:
1) Which Country had the great imperial power in Africa?
2) Why do you think Africa was a target?
Once completed:
Read the Nigerian Case Study, page 345 in textbook & respond to questions