1. Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
ATP

2. “Burn fuels” to make energy
combustion
makes heat energy in one step
CO2 + H2O + heat
fuel (carbohydrates) O2
respiration
make ATP (& some heat) in many small steps
Movement of hydrogen atoms from glucose to water
ATP
food (carbohydrates) O2
36 ATP + CO2 + H2O (+ heat)

3. Adenosine TriPhosphate
What is energy in biology?
ATP
Adenosine TriPhosphate

4. Adenosine TriPhosphate Adenosine DiPhosphate
Using ATP to do work?
ATP to ADP  releases energy
ADP to ATP  stores energy
ATP
Adenosine TriPhosphate
releases
stores
Adenosine DiPhosphate
ADP

5. Harvesting energy stored in food
Cellular respiration
break down food to produce ATP
in mitochondria
using oxygen
“AEROBIC”
usually digest glucose
ATP
food O2
Movement of hydrogen atoms from glucose to water
glucose + oxygen  energy + carbon + water
dioxide
C6H12O6
6O2
36 ATP
6CO2
6H2O  +

6. What do we need to make energy?
The “Furnace” for making energy
mitochondria
Fuel
food: carbs, fats, proteins
Helpers
oxygen
enzymes
Product
ATP
Waste products
carbon dioxide
then used by plants
water
food
ATP
enzymes
CO2
H2O O2

7. Mitochondria are everywhere!!
animal cells
plant cells

8. What if oxygen is missing?
No oxygen available = can’t complete aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation
alcohol fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
no oxygen or no mitochondria (bacteria)
makes very little ATP
large animals cannot survive
yeast
bacteria

9. Anaerobic Respiration
Fermentation
alcohol fermentation
yeast
glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol
Used in making beer, wine, bread
lactic acid fermentation
bacteria, animals
glucose  ATP + lactic acid
bacteria make yogurt
animals feel muscle fatigue