1. Civil Rights
Vocabulary

2. Citizen-an individual with certain rights and duties under a government and who, by birth or by choice, owes allegiance to that government
The Fourteenth Amendment, intended to make former slaves citizens, defined citizenship and offered equal protection under the law.

3. Naturalization- method of becoming a US citizen by choice rather than by birth. Requires living in US, having an interview, taking a test, and taking an oath.
Segregation-separation of people by race

4. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) “separate but equal” facilities are legal
Jim Crow Laws- laws passed to separate communities
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) “separate but equal has no place”
Thurgood Marshall- Lawyer who led fight to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson. Became 1st black Supreme Court Justice

5. Southern Christian Leadership Conference- an American civil rights organization formed Martin Luther King, Jr. was a member and eventual leader.
Freedom Ride-Interstate bus rides which carried civil rights activists and which triggered violence.

6. Martin Luther King, Jr.-Civil rights leader who promoted nonviolent resistance, was shot and killed in 1968.
Selma, Alabama-site of Bloody Sunday, one of the first events which began to change public opinion about Civil Rights
Bloody Sunday-vicious attack in Selma, Alabama on black citizens lining up to register to vote.

7. Civil Rights Act of 1964-barred discrimination based on race, creed, or color
Voting Rights Act of 1965-guarenteed right to vote for African Americans
KKK- group which advocated extremist reactionary positions such as white supremacy, white nationalism, and anti-immigration, historically expressed through terrorism

8. Black Panther Party-Black Advocacy group which supported the use of violence
Affirmative Action-programs for minorities supported by government as a means of providing equality
Reverse Discrimination-discrimination of minorities against the former perpetrators of discrimination

9. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) 1972 – prevents discrimination for any reason, but aimed specifically at women’s rights, has not yet passed
Roe v. Wade (1973) – women’s freedom to choose abortion
Rehabilitation Act of illegal to discriminate based on disability