1. AP World History Journal 1/29
Briefly explain the significance of the following people:
John Locke-
Baron De Montesquieu (Charles De Secondat)-
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Due in 5 minutes

2. Gold-Salt Trade
Berbers
SALT
GOLD

3. Important African Empires
Ghana Mali Songhay
Crash Course

4. Songhay Empire 1400’s-1591 Islamic Empire
Controlled the trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Timbuktu was an important trading center but also a cultural center
Muslims emperors encouraged the building mosques and schools to teach Islam

5. Swahili-Speaking Areas of E. Africa
SWAHILI [“the coast’] = Bantu + some Arabic

6. Timbuktu-”Heavenly Clay”

7. Timbuktu Rooftop, Mosque

8. The Triangle Trade

9. Slave Trade in the Congo

11. Slave Ship Plan
4-6 week journey involves horrific conditions for captured Africans.
Approximately 4 million die on journey
Slave Trade

12. Onboard the Slave Ship

13. Slave Ship Interior

14. Slaves at Work in a Mine

15. Slave With Iron Muzzle

16. African Captives Thrown Overboard
Sharks followed the slave ships across the Atlantic!

17. Slave Master Brands

18. Inspection and Sale

19. Slave Auction in the Southern U. S.

20. African Slave Export per Year

21. Arab Slave Traders

22. “Black” Gold for Sale!
Triangular trade brings 12 million slaves to Americas between 15th to 18th centuries.

23. “Coffin” Position: Onboard a Slave Ship

24. First Slave Auction New Amsterdam (Dutch New York City - 17c)

25. 30 Lashes

26. Whipped Slave, early 19c

27. Impact of the Slave Trade
12 million people brought to the Americas
Distorted sex ratios resulting in polygamy and forced women to take on men’s duties
Fostered violence & conflict between African people

28. Resistance to Slavery
Queen Nzinga (Ndongo)- led a spirited resistance against the Portuguese
Olaudah Equiano-
Haitian Revolution-

29. Olaudah Equiano ( )
1789  wrote and published, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa the African.

30. Abolitionist Symbol, 19c

31. African states,

32. African Diaspora
African rituals and beliefs: ritual drumming, animal sacrifice, magic, and sorcery
Okra and rice brought to Americas (Gumbo)
Creole languages emerged ( African & European language

33. Syncretic Religions
Voodoo
Antonian Movement