1. Bell Ringer What is evaporation? Phase change from liquid to gas
Turn in Volcano Project if you didn’t yesterday.
Phase change from liquid to gas

2. Agenda 5.1 Notes ~ 5 minute break 5.2 Notes Freshwater Vocabulary
Tests are graded and in PowerSchools

3. Surface Water

4. The Water Cycle
Water Cycle (Hydrological Cycle) – the continuous recycling process of Earth’s water supply
No set order for the parts of the water cycle (just like the rock cycle)

5. The Water Cycle Parts of the Water Cycle:
Evaporation (liquid  gas) from surface water to the atmosphere
Transpiration (liquid  gas) from plants to the atmosphere

6. The Water Cycle
Condensation (gas  liquid) from atmosphere into cloud droplets

7. The Water Cycle
____________ – from clouds to Earth’s surface as rain, snow, sleet, etc.
Infiltration – from Earth’s surface into groundwater (water found under the ground)
Precipitation

8. Runoff Runoff -- water that flows downhill along the Earth’s surface
Major source of erosion and often carries soil, rocks, or pollutants
Runoff can collect in puddles, evaporate, or eventually soak into the ground

9. Runoff Factors that Affect Runoff:
Vegetation (Plants): more plants = less runoff
Plants hold soil in place, which slows the flow of water and allows more to soak into the ground

10. Runoff Rate of precipitation: more precipitation = more runoff
Lots of rain in short periods of time doesn’t have the chance to soak into the ground, so more water runs over the ground as runoff

11. Runoff A B Slope: steeper slope = more runoff
Water on a steep slope will flow faster and with more force
Why?
Which hill would have more runoff, A or B? A B
gravity

12. Runoff
Porosity – the amount of pores (spaces) between the grains of soil
These pores act like holes in a sponge, so the higher the porosity (the more pores there are), the more water is soaked into the ground
Higher porosity = less runoff

13. Runoff Pavement: more pavement = more runoff
Pavement prevents water from soaking into the ground (infiltration), so water remains on the surface as runoff

14. Runoff – Lots or Little? Rocky mountain?
______ runoff – ____ plants to slow the water, ______ slope to increase speed
Porous soil?
_____ runoff – pores able to _______ water, so _____ runs down
A light sprinkling of rain?
_____ runoff – most will have _____ to soak in the ground
Lots of
few
steep
Little
soak up
little
Little
time

15. Floods
Flood – when water flows above the sides of a stream’s banks onto nearby land
Hurricane Katrina
New Orleans, LA, 2005

16. Hurricane Matthew, October 2016

17. Floods Most floods occur near stream systems
It can take days after the rain for floodwaters to peak because it takes time for the runoff to collect into streams

18. Floods
Exception: Flash Flood – a sudden, local flood that typically occurs after excessive rain

19. Floods
Floodplain – the flat land near a stream’s banks that can be flooded
Some parts of NC that flooded during Floyd and Matthew were part of the 200-year floodplain
This meant that the land should only flood once every 200 years…

20. Pick up all belongings and put them on your desks.
Water Cycle activity – starting at your assigned lab station, following the directions at the station, and then moving to other stations.
If another group is at the station you need, wait your turn. There shouldn’t be two groups at a station trying to work together.
Everyone in the lab group moves together. You will lose 2 points every time I see you not with your lab group.

21. Once you have gone to all of your stations, sit at tables with your lab group (not at your lab station) and finish the back of the lab.
When you are done with your activity, turn it in to the front basket
Grab a Freshwater vocabulary assignment and complete ON YOUR OWN