1. Path to the American Revolution
By J.A.SACCO

2. Mercantilism What is mercantilism? Why was mercantilism implemented?
Advantages to mercantilism
To gain economic control over colonies
For a nation to become self-sufficient
A steady market of raw materials from
colonies
Use the colonies to purchase excess products
Charles II

3. Mercantilism Disadvantages of Mercantilism on Colonies
Restricted colonies to whom they could buy/sell
Prevented colonies from buying and selling with other nations to get a better price
Problem- What happened if the colonies produced
something that England did not want?

4. Triangular Trade Significance?
Triangular trade allowed the colonies to conduct its own trade without British supervision!
Significance?

5. England the Colonies and Mercantilism
How did the British restrict colonial trade to achieve mercantilism?
Navigation Acts (1660)
Enacted by Charles II- Exports>Imports
All Exports/Imports to colonies carried on English vessels.
Why did the British do this? How did this hurt the colonies?
Certain “enumerated” goods (tobacco, sugar, cotton, indigo,
lumber) sent only to England or English colonies.
How did this hurt the colonies?

6. England the Colonies and Mercantilism
Staple Act (1663)
All colonial imports must go through English port (pay duty) then ship out again on English ship.
Why did the English pass this act?
How did the colonies avoid the Navigation Acts?

7. England Gets Tough on the Colonies!
Problem- English government can’t prevent smuggling into colonies. Result?
Dominion of
New England

8. Dominion of New England
New England seen as center of smuggling problem
1684- Charles II makes N.E. a royal colony
1685- James II establishes the Dominion of New England
N. England, Conn, RI, NY, NJ charters revoked.
Become royal colonies!

9. Dominion of New England
Dominion run by gov.general/councilors app’t by king
Dominion had power to make laws, tax, administer justice, confirm/deny existing land grants
Colonial assemblies abolished
Sir Edmund Andros

10. Sir Edmund Andros Caused greater tension in colonies
Declared previous land titles worthless/had to pay annual fee for new title
Puritan Church not recognized- all marriages had to be performed in Anglican church
Puritan meeting halls must be made available for Anglican services
No one to teach school without government permission
This was a way to punish the colonies for violating the Navigation Acts.

11. Period of Transition /Glorious Revolution (1688)
Rejected advice of Parliament
Insisted on divine right to rule
Openly practiced Catholicism
Prosecuted Anglican bishops for defying his wishes on church appointments
James II has son- will raise him Catholic
James II- 1688

12. The Glorious Revolution 1688
What affect did James II have on England and the colonies?
James abdicates thrown
William and Mary obey laws
of Parliament.
English Bill of Rights, King must
have Parliament’s consent for
taxes and raise and army
William and Mary

13. Glorious Revolution and the Colonies
What affect does the Glorious Revolution have on the colonies?
Positives
Negatives
Andros overthrown
Dominion of New England ended
Right to elect assembly
Assembly can elect the gov’t councilors
Colonial Governor appointed by King
Voters must own property

14. “Two Treatises on Government” (1689)
People born with natural rights
Gov’t created by the people to ensure those rights
And if gov’t violates that agreement-people have the right to overthrow that gov’t
Basis of colonial protest in
Revolution!
John Locke

15. Period of Salutary Neglect (1689-1713)
What is the significance of the Period of Salutary Neglect?
Why did the British take their attention away from the colonies?

16. Period of Salutary Neglect (1689-1713)
British involved in wars of empire.
America
King William’s War ( )
Queen Anne’s War ( )
King George’s War (
Europe
War of the League of Augsburg
War of the Spanish Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
Effect on Colonies?
Wars kept England occupied with European affairs
allowed the colonies to develop on own with very
little interference from Britain. Colonies get a taste of
independence.

17. British Regain Control?
Early 1700’s Britain try to regain control over colonies with new acts and enforce the old ones.
Molasses Act (1733) – put tax on sugar/molasses imported from non-British ports (Fr./Dutch West Indies).
Woolens Act (1699)– could not trade goods outside of own colony
Hat Act (1732) – could not sell hats and felts outside colony in which it was made
Iron Act (1750) - forbade the manufacture of the finished articles of iron.
Acts poorly enforced.

18. French and Indian War (1756-1763)
Last ‘war of empire”
Determined European supremacy in North America