1. Symmetry energy with non-nucleonic degrees of freedom
Wei-Zhou Jiang
Department of Physics,
Southeast University, China
Collaborators: Bao-An Li, et al.
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2. Outline Introduction Hyperons, quarks, dark matter?
Symmetry energy and quarks & hyperons
Interaction of quarks and its effects
In neutron stars, effect of dark matter?
Summaries
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3. Liquid-drop model for nuclei
SYMMETRY ENERGY
Liquid-drop model for nuclei
— E=
W. D. Myers, W.J. Swiatecki, P. Danielewicz,……
In isospin asymmetric matter:
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4. Where it is the matter, there is the symmetry energy.
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5. Fuchs, et.al., arXiv:nucl-th/0511070
L.W.Chen,et.al., PRC72, (05)
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6. Diverse trends from data
1. Xiao, Li, et.al PRL102, (2009)
2. Feng&Jin, PLB683 (2010) 140
3. P. Russotto,W. Trauntmann, Q.F. Li et al., PLB697, 471(2011)
31.6(ρ/ρ)γ,with γ=0.9+/-0.4：almost linear
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7. The dense the matter, the uncertain the symmetry energy
Factor to soften greatly the Symmetry Energy:
Tensor force
C. Xu and B. A. Li, PRC81, :
I. Vidana, A. Polls, and C. Providencia, PRC 84, (R) .
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8. Significant points:
To go ahead to deal with Tensor force with pion & rho: the most important ingredients of the chiral perturbative theory in Density dependent RHF approach: the simple, self-consistent and covariant framework.
Here, we just go beyond this point to discuss contributions of non-nucleonic components to the symmetry energy.
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9. Non-nucleonic degrees of freedom
Threshold for hyperons reaches at high densities; 2ρ0-4ρ0
Hadron-Quark transition may occur for nucleon overlaps >2ρ0
In astrophysical extraction of the symmetry energy, there may be the effect of unknown dark matter.
What is the effect of these components in dense matter? Matter changes, so does the interaction, so does the symmetry energy?
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10. Model Lagrangian (RMF) :
with
Hyperons:
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11. EoS with inclusion of hyperons
Definition of symmetry energy:
at given hyperon fraction.
for charge neutral and chemical equilibrated matter
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12. RMF models: SLC and SCLd
Demorest, et al., Nature 467, 1081(2010)：PSR J
Jiang，Li，and Chen, PLB653，184 （07）；
PRC76, (07); ApJ756，56（12）
RMF model NL3: Lalazissis, et. al. PRC 55, 540(97).
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13. Aug , TAMU

14. Symmetry energy with quarks
Step 1: no interaction between Qs & Ns
a function of α
Y is the quark phase proportion, determined by Gibbs conditions.
We just consider the symmetric matterα=0
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15. Critical density
Calculation detail: Charge chemical potential neglected here!
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17. Symmetry energy of quark flavor
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18. With Λ hyperons Jiang et al,PRC87, 064314(2013)
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19. Questions:
Clear model dependence of the transition density and the symmetry energy
Why the transition density is so small as the strange quarks are included?
Chemical potential and mechanical equilibriums should be corrected by interactions between quarks
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20. Grand thermodynamical potential of quarks
Weissenborn, et al, arXiv:
Alford, et al, APJ629:969(2005)
Step 2: interactions for quarks
Mechanical and chemical
equilibriums
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21. Preliminary results: 2-flavor QCD corr., a4=0.6 3-flavor
No QCD correction
2-flavor
QCD corr., a4=0.6
3-flavor
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22. No correction to asymmetric part
No QCD corrections
No correction to asymmetric part
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23. Aug , TAMU

24. Symmetry energy: calculation is yet to make
Step 3: interaction between Q’s & N’s
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25. Dark matter in neutron stars
Only gravitational attraction
between normal matter and
dark matter
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26. Symmetry energy extraction with Dark matter
Steiner:PRL 108, (2012)
Effect of Dark Matter?
Guillot et al. 2013, ApJ 772
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27. DM with interactions
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28. Summary
Non-nucleonic degrees of freedom do affect the symmetry energy.
Experimental extraction of symmetry energy at high densities should be of caution about the effects of new phases
The astrophysical extraction of symmetry energy could undergo the influence of celestial dark matter that belongs to an unknown universe.
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29. Thank you for your attention!
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