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Electron Configuration

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Presentation on theme: "Electron Configuration"— Presentation transcript:

1 Electron Configuration
Building the Atom

2 Remember… Atomic Number (Z) : the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Mass Number (A) : the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. Neutron Number (N) : A - Z = N

3 LOCATION OF ELECTRONS IN THE ATOM:
Electron Cloud Energy Levels Sublevels Orbitals

4 LOCATION OF ELECTRONS IN THE ATOM:
Sublevels have (degenerate states) that we call orbitals. These sublevels are named s, p, d, f, g, etc. The energy level determines the number of sublevels...

5 Sublevels: s- one orbital p- three orbitals d- five orbitals
LOCATION OF ELECTRONS IN THE ATOM: Sublevels: s- one orbital p- three orbitals d- five orbitals f- seven orbitals Etc...

6 It turns out, in each orbital, there
LOCATION OF ELECTRONS IN THE ATOM: It turns out, in each orbital, there can be a maximum of two electrons. So... s- 2 electrons total p- 6 electrons total d- 10 electrons total f- 14 electrons total

7 1s Orbital diagrams and electron configurations
Orbital diagrams help show how the electrons are distributed within the sublevels. NOTICE THAT WHEN ELECTRONS PAIR THEY HAVE OPPOSITE SPINS. 1s

8 PAULI EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE...
No two electrons can have the same quantum numbers or no more than two electrons can be found in any given orbital.

9 the most stable arrangement of electrons
HUND’S RULE: the most stable arrangement of electrons is that with the maximum number of unpaired electrons, all with the same spin direction. In other words…electrons don’t pair until they have too!

10 Mg Orbital Diagrams What element is this???? 3s 2px 2py 2pz 2s 1s
etc...

11 Another way to write this is by using electron configuration notation
Mg 1s22s22p63s2

12 ORDER OF CHOICE: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s,
4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p... Why? Energy of some orbitals overlap higher orbitals. Page 97

13 end day 1 Let’s practice… Assignment:
Electron Configuration Level One and Two Electron Configuration Wkst end day 1

14 1s remember...? Orbital diagrams and electron configurations
Orbital diagrams help show how the electrons are distributed within the sublevels. NOTICE THAT WHEN ELECTRONS PAIR THEY HAVE OPPOSITE SPINS. 1s remember...?

15 Mg remember...? Orbital Diagrams What element is this???? 3s 2px 2py
2pz 2s 1s etc... remember...?

16 Another way to write this is by using electron configuration notation
Mg 1s22s22p63s2 remember...?

17 [Ne]3s2 Mg Since Ne has a configuration of 1s22s22p6
Another way to write this is by using noble gas notation Mg [Ne]3s2 Since Ne has a configuration of 1s22s22p6

18 Let’s practice… Valence Electron Configuration

19 Connections: Do you see any relationship between the electron configuration and where the element is located on the Periodic Table?

20 Let's do it! You should be able to… Write the electron configuration
Draw the orbital diagram Write the noble gas notation And predict the element Let's do it!

21 Assignment: Electron Configuration Wkst 2 end day 2


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