1. People and the Planet- Topic 1
Population
Dynamics
1.2 How far can population change and migration be managed sustainably?
1.2a) Different policies attempt to manage change to achieve sustainable levels of population

2. What do these diagrams show about population?
Make a quick sketch copy of each diagram
optimum
population
over-
population
Under-
population

3. The balance of population
Under each diagram, define the terms under, over and optimum population
The balance of population
When the people and resources of a country are equally balanced this is known as OPTIMUM POPULATION – this is the SUSTAINABLE ideal population that all governments try to achieve
When population outweighs resources (not enough resources for people) there is OVER POPULATION- this can lead to many problems like lack of suitable housing, lack of food, lack of services, lack of jobs
When there are more resources than the population of a country requires, this is known as UNDER POPULATION- this brings its own problems- inability to provide all necessary services, as no-one there to provide them, BUT also there are not enough people to exploit all the resources

4. Birth Rate Death rate Natural increase
We have already learnt that population changes through numbers of births and deaths, known as
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate is called
Birth Rate
Death rate
Natural increase

5. How else can populations change?
Let’s think about ways other than NATURAL INCREASE a population could increase or decrease
Some ways-
IMMIGRATION- people coming into a country from another country
EMIGRATION- People moving out of a country to another country
The process of moving from place to place is called MIGRATION
If a countries population gets too big or to small then the government has to act to control the population by controlling the factors that change it, i.e. birth and death rate and migration rates

6. How can populations be controlled?
If a population gets too big it could be a result of 2 factors- too much immigration into that country OR the birth rate is too high/ death rate is falling
As humans we cannot rely try to control a population by increasing the death rate as that would be rather inhumane, so a government has to
Reduce immigration
Reduce the birth rate
If a population gets too small and there are not enough workers, this will due to
Over emigration (too many people leaving the country)
Lack of immigrants (country cannot attract people to it)
Birth rate is too low (women are having too few children)
If these occur governments need to
Increase the birth rate
Encourage immigration
Reduce emigration

7. Population Policies
Any measure taken by a government to influence the population of a country is known as a POPULATION POLICY
When attempting to control the natural increase in population of a country, by controlling the birth rate there are 2 approaches
PRO- NATALIST- These policies encourage people to have more children
ANTI-NATALIST- Policy to encourage people to have fewer children
Some countries have issues with populations but do not have a strict policy implemented this approach is known as LASSEZ FAIRE (RELAXED)

8. The famous example- China and their 1 child policy-
What do we know?
In your book make notes on this-
What’s the 1 child policy?
When did it happen?
Why did China have this?
Did it reduce the population?

9. Group work Include detail about the following countries-
Sweden
Singapore
Estonia
China
India
Iran UK
Produce an annotated world map that shows the population policies of various countries-
You must include information about
Why the country needed a policy and when it was implemented and by whom
Is the policy pro/ anti- natalist OR lassez faire?
What steps does the policy take to increase or decrease the birth rate?
What impacts or possible impacts both positive and negative could occur as a result of the policy
Overall how do you think countries should best control their populations? Do you think forcing or persuading works best? Is it right to interfere with nature?

10. POPULATION POLICIES