1. How to find your way . N E W
The four Cardinal Points S

2. Latitude and Longitude
Latitude Lines:
Splits the earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres.
The equator is the mid line
of latitude, or PRIME
PARALLEL (0 degrees
latitude).
As you move away from
the equator, the degrees of
latitude increase in both directions.
Remember. ."flatitude"

3. Latitude lines run parallel to each other
Much of the earth’s climate depends on these lines, because of the angle the sun hits You will find different biomes somewhat organized according to latitude

4. and Longitude. . . (slice an apple)
Runs vertically, North to South.
The PRIME MERIDIAN is the
0 degree line of longitude
Creates East and West
Hemisphere on the earth.
The Prime Meridian
Also runs through
Greenwich, England,
Where international
Time is based.
(GMT – Greenwich Mean Time)

5. Together, you can find any spot in the world, using degree coordinates!
For instance, 10 S (latitude) and 160 E (longitude) will land you at the city of Honiara, located in the Solomon islands.
Every degree = ~111 km on the ground (between the Tropics)

6. Look at a “stripe” of Latitude, and a “stripe of Longitude
Look at a “stripe” of Latitude, and a “stripe of Longitude. How are they different?

7. The Tropics = CANCER and CAPRICORN
These are the 23ºN and S lines of latitude, which represent locations of direct sunlight in the summer and winter seasons.

8. Everyone knows that things don’t always land perfectly at a crossing point. . .
So cartographers created a smaller grid system inside of each “box” to be more accurate, called minutes and seconds.

9. Earth has 24 time zones, bordered by lines that also run North to South on earth, and regulate clock time. Each time zone “slice” is about 15° of longitude each, and represents one clock hour.

10. Time Zones run the same direction as longitude lines, but are not perfectly straight like they are WHY????

11. The International Date Line runs along the 180° line of longitude, which changes calendar days when crossed.
Crossing toward the West moves a day ahead.
Crossing East goes back a day

12. Daylight Savings: An Economic Decision
Below, the yellow area indicates countries that practice “daylight savings”. What is the pattern you see? Why?

13. SUMMARY. . . Changing latitude changes daylight that affects CLIMATE
Changing longitude changes daylight that affects
CLOCK TIME