1. UNIT X – KINGDOM ANIMALIA Big Campbell – Ch , 40, 44, 46, Baby Campbell – Ch 18, 20, 25, 27, 36, 37 Hillis – Ch 23, Beginning of Chapters 29-40, 42-45

2. I. ORIGINS OF KINGDOM ANIMALIA

3. I. ORIGINS OF KINGDOM ANIMALIA, cont

4. I. ORIGINS OF KINGDOM ANIMALIA, cont

5. II. INTRODUCTION TO KINGDOM ANIMALIA
Shared Characteristics
Most have
Extracellular Matrix
Regulatory Genes for Embryonic Development

6. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS
Based on . . .
Presence or absence of true tissues
Symmetry
Development of germ layers
Presence of body cavity
Embryonic development
A. Tissues
Metazoa (Parazoa)
Eumetazoa

7. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
B. Symmetry
Asymmetry
Radial
Bilateral

8. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
C. Development of Germ Layers

9. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
C. Development of Germ Layers, cont
Form various tissues & organs
Diploblastic Organisms
Most animals are triploblastic

10. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
D. Presence of Body Cavity
Only applies to triploblasts
Acoelomates
Pseudocoelomates
“_____________” body cavity
Not lined with _____________
Coelomates

11. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
E. Embryonic Development
Applies to organisms with bilateral symmetry, primarily coelomates
Protostomes
Spiral cleavage
Determinate
Blastopore becomes mouth
Mollusks, annelids, arthropods
Deuterostomes
Radial cleavage
Indeterminate
Blastopore develops into anus
Echinoderms, chordates

12. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
Morphological/Embryonic Classification

13. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
Molecular Classification

14. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont
Recent Changes in Animal Phylogeny
Based on molecular data including Hox genes, DNA sequences for rRNA, mDNA
Bilaterians are subdivided into 3 groups
Deuterstomes
Ecdysozoans
Lophotrochozoans

15. III. CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS, cont

16. IV. INVERTEBRATES Make up 95% of all animals
Most scientists agree on approximately 35 animal phyla
34 of these are made up of invertebrates